Inflammatory mechanisms in cervicogenic headache: An integrative view

Abstract

Cervicogenic headache is a relatively common and still controversial form of headache that originates from the neck structures. The pathophysiology probably results from various local pain-producing factors, such as intervertebral dysfunction, but the frequent coexistence of a history of head traumas still plays an important role. This report represents a series of pathophysiologic studies performed for patients with cervicogenic headache and the results achieved by a new pharmacologic treatment for the disease.

Indications and Outcomes for Surgical Treatment of Patients with Chronic Migraine Headaches Caused by Occipital Neuralgia

“…29,35 Infliximab has shown some benefit. 36 Local anesthetic injection alone or in conjunction with corticosteroids may provide lasting pain relief. 37 Botox has been shown to be effective, with a limited duration.…”

Recurrent Neck Pain and Headaches in Preadolescents Associated with Mechanical Dysfunction of the Cervical Spine: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study With 131 Students

“…This is thought to be the result of the production of proinflammatory cytokinins which contribute to neuronal sensitization resulting in chronic pain syndromes. 63,73,74 Because the cervical spine influences all three headache types, its importance should not be underestimated. 58,60,75 The contribution of dysfunctional mechanics of the cervical spine to neck pain and headaches has been investigated to some extent in adults but, thus far, has not been studied in preadolescents.…”

Cervicogenic Headache

“…One study of six patients suggested benefit from infliximab based on elevated TNF-α seen in cervicogenic headache, and suspected cervical joint inflammation. 36 These results were not followed up with a larger study, and it is not common practice. Several medications have been proposed as possibly helpful considering the benefits in other headache syndromes, such as migraine or hemicrania continua.…”