Inflammatory markers and long-term risk of ischemic heart disease in men

CRP, IL-6 and endothelin-1 levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Do preoperative inflammatory parameters predict early graft occlusion and late cardiovascular events?

“…[14][15][16][17] However, two epidemiological studies have recently shown that elevated IL-6 levels are a stronger independent predictor of the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease in comparison with CRP [50,51]. This is not contradicted by our findings with which show that IL-6 is an independent predictor of 5-year cardiovascular events and that CRP shares this property without, however, reaching statistical significance.…”

Multimarker Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Risk

“…In the Cardiovascular Health Study, the addition of 6 biomarkers (CRP, fibrinogen, factor VIIIc, interleukin-6, lipoprotein[a], and hemoglobin) did not improve discrimination beyond established risk factors among subjects with (difference ϭ 0.01, p ϭ 0.15) or without (difference ϭ 0.01, p ϭ 0.72) chronic kidney disease (32). In the Quebec Cardiovascular Study, an inflammation score based on interleukin-6 and fibrinogen levels moderately improved C-statistics (difference ϭ 0.008, p ϭ 0.03) for a CHD prediction model (33). Ridker et al (15,34) proposed the "Reynolds risk score," which included CRP, glycosylated hemoglobin (in women), and parental history of myocardial infarction in women (15) and men (34).…”

“…Homocysteine level was positively associated with CHD, even after adjustment for TRFs, but did not significantly improve CHD prediction. Observational studies (8,13,14,33,70) and hypothetical analyses (31,71,72) have shown that biomarkers' contributions to a disease prediction might be limited despite their significant associations with the disease. Study limitations.…”

Role of Atherosclerosis Assessment and Other Novel Markers in the Metabolic Syndrome

“…51 In the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study, 52 inflammatory and adhesion molecules were measured in 580 women referred for coronary angiography and monitored for an average of 4.7 yr. These women had no known cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, or recent myocardial infarction or revascularization.…”