Inflammatory Disease of the Human Lung of Definite or Presumed Viral Origin. Cytologic and Histologic Topics

Schaefer, Hans E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69134-8_4

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…1) but negative in the other groups and for all other viruses (Table 2). In four out of these five cases the IP (grade 1: N=2, grade 2: N=2 [6,8]) was characterised by typical morphology: dilatation and congestion of alveolar capillaries, protein-rich oedema, necrosis of the alveolar epithelium, denudation of the tracheobronchial mucous membrane, detachment of pneumonocytes, alveolar haemorrhages, hyalin membranes, and 238 lymphomonocyte infiltration of the alveolar septa [4,5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it can become difficult to unequivocally diagnose the underlying disease especially if incipient stages and/or general infections are involved and the same applies to the clear demonstration of the causal bacterial infection. Interstitial pneumonia (IP) as caused by viruses is defined histologically [4,5] but as early stages can be non-specific [6] detection of the virus would therefore verify the diagnosis. Because virus isolation is rarely positive in autopsy samples we have developed nested PCR approaches to detect different RNA viruses (influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus: RSV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of RNA viruses in sudden infant death (SID)

Bajanowski

Rolf

Jorch

et al. 2003

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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Continuing previous work, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction approaches for the detection of RNA viruses (influenza A+B, parainfluenza virus 3, respiratory syncytial virus) were developed. A total of 118 infant deaths, including 13 cases of non-natural death (nND), 78 cases of natural death (ND) without morphological signs of interstitial pneumonia (IP), 27 cases showing IP (ND+IP), were investigated using frozen lung tissue ( N=100) and paraffin-embedded material ( N=18). In five of the autopsy cases (ND+IP) the influenza B virus genome could be detected and the other types of viruses were completely negative. Together with previous results (detection of adenoviruses and cytomegaloviruses) in the same groups, the frequency of virus detection in the cases with IP was 48% compared with 14% in the ND without IP and 7% in the nND. Significant differences in the frequency of virus detection were also obtained when the cases were divided in SIDS and non-SIDS. The results obtained indicate an association between IP and some viruses and support the hypothesis that respiratory virus infections could act as trigger in sudden infant death.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of RNA viruses in sudden infant death (SID)

Bajanowski

Rolf

Jorch

et al. 2003

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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“…Neutrophils seem to play an important role by releasing enzymes which contribute to necrosis through their proteolytic action. 21 In our guinea pigs, we also found numerous neutrophils within the bronchioli in the absence of bacterial infection. Therefore, a mechanism is conceivable that is similar to that in man with release of viral particles into the extracellular space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Experimental Viral Pneumonia in Guinea Pigs: An Ultrastructural Study

et al. 1984

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Abstract. Homogenized lung tissue was used to experimentally reproduce lethal viral pneumonia in guinea pigs. The resultant lesions corresponded with those of the spontaneous disease. Pneumonia with necrotic bronchiolar epithelium accompanied by basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies was the primary finding. With transmission electron microscopy, numerous viral particles were found-mainly within the nucleus of pulmonary epithelial cells but also within the cytoplasm and in extracellular space. The appearance of viral particles, in particular their paracrystalline and crystalline deposition within the nucleus, indicates that our experimentally induced pneumonia was caused by an adenovirus.Acute or subacute Dneumonia is a common cause of from areas which appeared macroscopically altered or unal-_ _ have been isolated from diseased lungs of guinea pigs has been fOUnda3' We rePofled sudden death in guinea with pneumonia, but evidence of a dylate buffer (4 x 30 minutes) and dehydration in increasing pigs which were used for diagnosis of human tubercu-Semithin sections stained with toluidine blue and sections losis. l 7 Histologic and electron microscopic examina-embedded in paraffin were assessed by light microscopy. tion revealed pneumonia with signs of a viral infection. Sections for electron microscopy were prepared after orientation with semithin sections, and ultrathin sections were cut Lungs usually were bacteriologicdly. Intranu-with an ultramicrotome. Uranyl acetate and lead citrate were particles Observed by used to contrast sections before examination with an electron electron microscopy indicated an adenoviral infection. microscoDe. bodies andSince this disease is becoming more commonY3~ l4 we reproduced it experimentally to verify the infectious eti~logy.'~ Results of the clinical, macroscopic, and etiologic investigations have been reported.14 Electron microscopic changes in the lungs of experimentally infected guinea pigs are described. Materials and MethodsElectron microscopic examination was done on lungs from newborn guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) which were infected intranasally in a third in vivo passage with homogenized lung.'4 The guinea pigs originated from a breeding colony with no spontaneous infection. In all four in vivo passages, the control bacteriologic examination of passaged lung homogenate remained negative; all samples were sterile. The Results Symptoms of experimental infection were similar to those of spontaneous disease. At necropsy, pneumonia was characterized by distinct red solid zones within the tips of the lobes and hilus. Compensatory emphysema and hemorrhages were observed in the remaining pulmonary tissue. No significant lesions were found in other organs. Semithin tissue sections from pneumonic regions revealed purulent necrotizing bronchitis and bronchiolitis. Inflammation sometimes involved the entire bronchiolar wall. Peribronchiolar space was infiltrated massively by mononuclear cells. Individual --experimental procedure, clinical signs, and attempts to pas-necrotic f...

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“…Im nachfolgenden sollen einige virustypische Ver~inderungen [13,14] aufgelistet werden, die in der histologischen Beurteilung besondere Berficksichtigung fanden.…”

Section: Zur Lungenhistologieunclassified

“…Denudationen der Tracheobronchialschleimhaut wie auch Abl6sung von Pneumocyten [13]. Es bilden sich Kapillaraneurysmen.…”

Section: Zur Lungenhistologieunclassified

Histologische Lungenbefunde beim pl�tzlichen Kindstod

Entrup

Brinkmann

1990

Z Rechtsmed

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The lungs of 79 children who had died between the ages of 1 week and 2 years old were histologically examined. 59 of these children could be categorized as cases of Sudden Infant Death because of the history and postmortem findings. In the remaining 20 cases a definite cause of death could be established. This is the same collective on which the histological investigations of the lymphatic tissue has been carried out. Morphological changes which are typical for a virus pneumonia were found in a substantially higher frequency in the cases of Sudden Infant Death than in the control cases. The validity of these findings and their possible significance for the cause of death are discussed.

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Inflammatory Disease of the Human Lung of Definite or Presumed Viral Origin. Cytologic and Histologic Topics

Cited by 18 publications

References 101 publications

Detection of RNA viruses in sudden infant death (SID)

Detection of RNA viruses in sudden infant death (SID)

Experimental Viral Pneumonia in Guinea Pigs: An Ultrastructural Study

Histologische Lungenbefunde beim pl�tzlichen Kindstod

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