Inflammatory cytokines and DNA methylation in healthy young adults exposure to fine particulate matter: A randomized, double-blind crossover trial of air filtration

Methylomic, proteomic, and metabolomic correlates of traffic-related air pollution: A systematic review, pathway analysis, and network analysis relating traffic-related air pollution to subclinical and clinical cardiorespiratory outcomes

“…The PCR sequencing papers focused on candidate gene approaches (primarily for inflammatory and immune-related proteins, as well as genes related to circadian rhythm and epigenetic age) [38,47,116,117,120,140–147]. Analyses using arrays took advantage of the evolving technology to capture the most comprehensive set of biomarkers possible: one paper utilized a 385K array [43], 24 utilized a 450K array [39–42,44–46,48,50–55,57,62–64,148–153], and 12 utilized an 850K array [58–61,114,115,154–159]. Although we recommend the use of the most comprehensive technology available, the contribution of groundbreaking studies using older arrays to the current body of knowledge should not be understated [160,161].…”

A review on reducing indoor particulate matter concentrations from personal‐level air filtration intervention under real‐world exposure situations

“…Most of the studies conducted in Western Pacific Region reported that the averaged outdoor PM 2.5 concentrations during the study periods were over 5 times higher than the annual mean level of WHO air quality guidelines at 10 μg/m 3 , which were much higher than those in well‐developed areas in North America and Europe. Few studies have examined the use of air filtration units in very highly polluted area, such as China and Mongolia, where the outdoor PM 2.5 concentrations were above 100 μg/m 3 during the study periods 20,36,37 …”

“…Few studies have examined the use of air filtration units in very highly polluted area, such as China and Mongolia, where the outdoor PM 2.5 concentrations were above 100 μg/m 3 during the study periods. 20,36,37 The intervention durations in the identified studies were relatively short, ranging from only 1 h to several months with 3 studies of 1-year interventions. Approximately half of the studies encompassed 7-day to 1-month washout periods between the filtration periods and non-filtration periods to ensure that there was not crossover across the different filtration modes.…”

Short-Term Exposure of PM2.5 and Epigenetic Aging: A Quasi-Experimental Study

“…Plasma MDA levels were measured using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method with a colorimetrically kit (Cell Biolabs Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), and other biomarkers were measured using commercial ELISA kits. We also measured 38 inflammatory cytokines using MILLIPLEX MAP Human Cytokine/Chemokine Magnetic Bead Panel kits (HCYTMAG-60k-PX 38; Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA) in a 96-well plate format . As 24 markers had more than 10% of the samples below the limit of detection, we included the remaining 14 biomarkers for the present analysis, including soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), epidermal growth factor (EGF), Eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), Fractalkine, growth-related oncogene (GRO), interferon-alpha 2 and gamma (IFN-α2 and IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).…”