Inflammatory cytokine expression in swine experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Baarsch, Mary Jo; Scamurra, Ronald W.; Burger, K; Foss, Dennis L.; Maheswaran, S. K.; Murtaugh, Michael P.

doi:10.1128/iai.63.9.3587-3594.1995

Cited by 104 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…Serum IL-6, but not TNF-a or IFNs, were detectable during the acute stage of infection with A. pleuropneumoniae (Fossum et al, 1998). Other experimental infection studies with A. pleuropneumoniae found elevated serum TNF-a and IL-1 levels (Huang et al, 1999) or no cytokines at all (Baarsch et al, 1995). Changes in serum TNF-a have been associated with weight loss, depression and respiratory disease in high-health boars entering conventional swine facilities (Harding et al, 1997).…”

Section: Cytokines Mediate Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Pneumonia Of Swinementioning

confidence: 96%

“…TNF-a, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA levels in the lung increased at the same time and cytokine expression was localized to the periphery of lung lesions (Baarsch et al, 1995;Choi et al, 1999;Huang et al, 1999). The studies by Baarsch et al (1995Baarsch et al ( , 2000 illustrate perfectly that the results of cytokine measurements are dramatically affected by the sampling compartment and the detection method used, as well as by the time of sampling. IL-6 mRNA, for example, was detected by Northern blotting in lung parenchyma but not in BAL cells, whereas in situ hybridization (ISH) on BAL cells was clearly positive.…”

Section: Cytokines Mediate Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Pneumonia Of Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dyspnoea, increased respiratory rate, fever, depression and inappetence occur as early as 2 h after endotracheal inoculation of A. pleuropneumoniae (Baarsch et al, 2000). TNF-a, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA levels in the lung increased at the same time and cytokine expression was localized to the periphery of lung lesions (Baarsch et al, 1995;Choi et al, 1999;Huang et al, 1999). The studies by Baarsch et al (1995Baarsch et al ( , 2000 illustrate perfectly that the results of cytokine measurements are dramatically affected by the sampling compartment and the detection method used, as well as by the time of sampling.…”

Section: Cytokines Mediate Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Pneumonia Of Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo studies on cytokine involvement during acute viral respiratory disease of swine: troublesome but rewarding

Reeth

Gucht

Pensaert

2002

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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The early cytokines interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1, -6 and -8 (IL-1, -6, -8) are produced during the most early stage of an infection. The activities of these cytokines have been studied extensively in vitro and in rodents, but in vivo studies on the role of these cytokines in infectious diseases of food animals are few. This review concentrates on in vivo studies of cytokine involvement in infectious respiratory diseases of swine, with an emphasis on viral infections. First evidence for the role of early cytokines in pneumonia in swine came from experimental infections with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. The role of TNF-alpha and IL-1 in the symptoms and pathology of porcine pleuropneumonia has recently been proven by use of an adenovirus vector expressing the anti-inflammatory IL-10. In the authors' laboratory, studies were undertaken to investigate the relationship between viral respiratory disease and bioactive lung lavage levels of IFN-alpha, TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6. Out of three respiratory viruses-porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and swine influenza virus (SIV)-only SIV induced acute respiratory disease and severe lung damage by itself. Disease and lung pathology were tightly associated with the simultaneous production of IFN-alpha, TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6. In challenge studies of SIV-vaccinated pigs, levels of IFN-alpha, TNF-alpha and IL-6, but not IL-1 were correlated with clinical and virological protection. Multifactorial respiratory disease was reproduced by combined inoculations with PRCV or PRRSV followed by LPS from Escherichia coli. In comparison with the respective single inoculations, which were subclinical, there was a true potentiation of disease and production of TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were best correlated with disease. In further studies, we will use more specific strategies to dissect the role of cytokines during viral infections.

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Section: Cytokines Mediate Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Pneumonia Of Swinementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Cytokines Mediate Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Pneumonia Of Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cytokines Mediate Mycoplasmal and Bacterial Pneumonia Of Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In vivo studies on cytokine involvement during acute viral respiratory disease of swine: troublesome but rewarding

Reeth

Gucht

Pensaert

2002

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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“…Role in PRRS References tions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Baarsch et al, 1995;Conn et al, 1995). Increases in expression of IL-1a, IL-6 and TNF-a in the lungs of pigs infected with PRRSV-1 are correlated with the development of interstitial pneumonia (Gómez-Laguna et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Cytokinementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the respiratory tract of pigs

Gómez-Laguna¹,

Salguero

Pallarés

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (PRRSV) impairs local pulmonary immune responses by damaging the mucociliary transport system, impairing the function of porcine alveolar macrophages andinducing apoptosis of immune cells. An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10, in PRRS may impair the immune response of the lung. Pulmonary macrophage subpopulations have a range of susceptibilities to different PRRSV strains and different capacities to express cytokines. Infection with PRRSV decreases the bactericidal activity of macrophages, which increases susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections. PRRSV infection is associated with an increase in concentrations of haptoglobin, which may interact with the virus receptor (CD163) and induce the synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators. The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines modulates the expression of CD163, which may affect the pathogenicity and replication of the virus in different tissues. With the emergence of highly pathogenic PRRSV, there is a need for more information on the immunopathogenesis of different strains of PRRS, particularly to develop more effective vaccines.

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“…Severe lung inflammation and disease result in particular when cytokines occur at high levels or in combination with each other (Murtaugh et al 1996). In experimental infections of pigs with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Asai et al 1993) or with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (Baarsch et al 1995), lung neutrophil infiltration and pathology have been associated with TNF-α and IL-1. As for virus infections of the pig lung, the possible involvement of cytokines is largely unexplored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: correlations with pathogenicity

Reeth

Labarque

Nauwynck

et al. 1999

Research in Veterinary Science

239

193

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The acute stages of infection with swine influenza virus (SIV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) and porcine reproductive-respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were shown to differ in terms of clinical and lung inflammatory effects and proinflammatory cytokine profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. Caesarian-derived colostrum-deprived pigs were inoculated intratracheally with one of the three viruses. SIV infection was followed within 1 day post inoculation (d PI) by characteristic respiratory and general signs, and excessive lung epithelial desquamation and neutrophil infiltration (38 to 56 per cent of BAL cells at 1 d PI vs 0 to 1 per cent in controls). High concentrations of bioactive interferon-alpha (IFN -alpha), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF -alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL -1) coincided with peak symptoms and neutrophil infiltration. PRCV infection was asymptomatic and produced a mild bronchointerstitial pneumonitis and neutrophil infiltration (13 to 22 per cent of BAL cells at 4 d PI). IFN -alpha titres parallelled those found during SIV infection, TNF -alpha was negligible and IL -1 undetectable. PRRSV infection induced anorexia and lethargy between 3 and 5 d PI. There was marked infiltration with mononuclear cells in alveolar septa and BAL fluids between 7 and 10 d PI, while neutrophils remained at less than 11 per cent of BAL cells at any time. IL -1 was produced from three throughout 10 d PI, while IFN -alpha production was minimal and TNF -alpha undetectable. These data strongly suggest that proinflammatory cytokines can be important mediators of viral respiratory disease.

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Inflammatory cytokine expression in swine experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Cited by 104 publications

References 0 publications

In vivo studies on cytokine involvement during acute viral respiratory disease of swine: troublesome but rewarding

In vivo studies on cytokine involvement during acute viral respiratory disease of swine: troublesome but rewarding

Immunopathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the respiratory tract of pigs

Differential production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pig lung during different respiratory virus infections: correlations with pathogenicity

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