Inflammatory bowel disease: Genetic and epidemiologic considerations

Cho, Judy H.

doi:10.3748/wjg.14.338

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…The detailed aetiology for these enigmatic diseases is not currently fully understood, and while the histology and prognosis for the patients differ between CD and UC, they share similarities in the proposed underlying causes to the development of these conditions [2]. Currently, three broad areas are proposed to be involved in the development of IBD; these are: (i) genetic susceptibility including mutations of key proteins facilitating or enhancing the access of microbes to the epithelium and underlying layers, (ii) luminal antigenic drive (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogen activated protein kinases: a role in inflammatory bowel disease?

Broom

Widjaya

Troelsen

et al. 2009

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

149

112

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SummarySince their discovery more than 15 years ago, the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been implicated in an ever-increasingly diverse array of pathways, including inflammatory signalling cascades. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are characterized by the perpetual production of inflammatory mediators. Research into the transduction pathway behind this over-production has highlighted the potential mediating role for the MAPKs and their related signalling components. This review highlights some of the research into the role for the MAPKs and their related signalling proteins in influencing the progression of IBD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogen activated protein kinases: a role in inflammatory bowel disease?

Broom

Widjaya

Troelsen

et al. 2009

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

149

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hence, numerous genome-wide association studies have identified variations in more than 160 genes involved in the intestinal immune homeostasis as risk factors for developing IBD. Most variants that have been functionally characterized are associated with the development of an immunological imbalance and inadequate immune response to the commensal flora [17,22,23,24,25,26,27]. Several genetic variants associated with IBD are also risk factors for other inflammatory or autoimmune disorders, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilberry-Derived Anthocyanins Prevent IFN-γ-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Cytokine Secretion in Human THP-1 Monocytic Cells

et al. 2014

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Background/Aims: Anthocyanins are plant-derived dietary components that are highly abundant, for example, in bilberries. We have previously demonstrated that anthocyanins exert anti-inflammatory properties in mouse colitis models and ameliorate disease activity in ulcerative colitis patients. Here, we studied the molecular mechanisms through which anthocyanin-containing bilberry extract (BE) exerts anti-inflammatory effects in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Methods: THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with BE 20 min prior to TNF-a or IFN-γ (100 ng/ml each) stimulation. Signalling protein activation was studied by Western blotting, mRNA expression by quantitative PCR and cytokine secretion by ELISA. Results: IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3 was significantly reduced by BE co-treatment. Consequently, levels of mRNA expression and/or cytokine secretion of MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-a, ICAM-1, and T-bet were lower with BE co-treatment. In contrast, BE enhanced TNF-a-mediated p65-NF-γB phosphorylation but reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. BE co-treatment further increased TNF-a-induced mRNA expression and secretion of NF-γB target genes, such as IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1, while mRNA levels of ICAM-1 were reduced. Conclusions: BE co-treatment reduced IFN-γ-induced signal protein activation, pro-inflammatory gene expression, and cytokine secretion, whereas it enhanced TNF-a-induced responses. These findings suggest a distinct role for anthocyanins in modulating inflammatory responses that need to be further studied to fully understand anthocyanin-mediated effects.

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“…Application of IBD biomarkers is cheaper, less laborious, less invasive, and more objective compared to the endoscopy/biopsybased approach [1] . Current IBD biomarkers include serological, fecal and genetically predisposed gene polymorphisms [2][3][4][5] with imaging technologies such as optical, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray, computer tomography (CT), position emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) [6][7][8][9] . Among those, fecal [10,11] and serological biomarkers, including systemic level of specific antibodies and other serum proteins [4,[12][13][14] , have been most widely explored and/or used in clinical studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%