Inflammation in Anxiety

Salim, Samina; Chugh, Gaurav; Asghar, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398314-5.00001-5

Cited by 262 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…29 Recent work also links low-grade inflammation to gastrointestinal symptoms as well as to anxiety. [30][31][32] It also is possible that anxiety may arise secondary to pain in some individuals and yet serve a maintaining role in pain.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Abdominal Pain in Childhood and Long-term Vulnerability to Anxiety Disorders

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: At the time of their pediatric medical evaluation, patients with functional abdominal pain (FAP) have higher levels of emotional symptoms compared with youth without FAP. No controlled prospective study has evaluated psychiatric outcomes for FAP patients in adulthood. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This prospective study showed that pediatric FAP was associated with high risk of anxiety disorders in adolescence and young adulthood. Risk was highest if abdominal pain persisted, but was significantly higher than in controls even if pain resolved. abstract BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies link functional abdominal pain (FAP) to anxiety and depression in childhood, but no prospective study has evaluated psychiatric status in adulthood or its relation to pain persistence.METHODS: Pediatric patients with FAP (n = 332) and control subjects (n = 147) were tracked prospectively and evaluated for psychiatric disorders and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) at followup in adolescence and young adulthood (mean age = 20.01 years). Participants were classified according to presence (FGID-POS) or absence (FGID-NEG) of FGIDs at follow-up.RESULTS: Lifetime and current risk of anxiety disorders was higher in FAP than controls (lifetime: 51% vs 20%; current: 30% vs 12%). Controlling for gender and age, the odds ratio was 4.9 (confidence interval = 2.83-7.43) for lifetime anxiety disorder and 3.57 (confidence interval = 2.00-6.36) for current anxiety disorder at follow-up for FAP versus controls. Lifetime risk of depressive disorder was significantly higher in FAP versus controls (40% vs. 16%); current risk did not differ. In most cases, initial onset of anxiety disorders was before pediatric FAP evaluation; onset of depressive disorders was subsequent to FAP evaluation. Within the FAP group, risk of current anxiety disorders at follow-up was significantly higher for FGID-POS versus FGID-NEG (40% vs 24%), and both were higher than controls (12%); current depressive disorders did not differ across FGID-POS, FGID-NEG, and controls. CONCLUSIONS:

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Abdominal Pain in Childhood and Long-term Vulnerability to Anxiety Disorders

et al. 2013

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“…hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disturbances; dysregulated inflammatory pathways; increased oxidative and nitrosative stress and reduced antioxidant defences; neuroprogression resulting in neurodegeneration, apoptosis, reduced neurogenesis and neuronal plasticity; and mitochondrial disturbances (Altamura et al, 2013, Anderson et al, 2013a, Anderson et al, 2013b, Moylan et al, 2012, Salim et al, 2012, Vieta et al, 2013. These dysregulated pathways interact significantly with each other, and their translation into specific psychiatric disorders is influenced by other biological mechanisms, environmental factors and genetic polymorphisms.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and psychiatric disorders: Commonalities in dysregulated biological pathways and their implications for treatment

Lopresti

Drummond

2013

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

193

128

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Rates of obesity are higher than normal across a range of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anxiety disorders. While the problem of obesity is generally acknowledged in mental health research and treatment, an understanding of their bi-directional relationship is still developing. In this review the association between obesity and psychiatric disorders is summarised, with a specific emphasis on similarities in their disturbed biological pathways; namely neurotransmitter imbalances, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis disturbances, dysregulated inflammatory pathways, increased oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial disturbances, and neuroprogression. The applicability and effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in psychiatric populations is reviewed along with their potential efficacy in ameliorating disturbed biological pathways, particularly those mediating inflammation and oxidative stress. It is proposed that weight loss may not only be an effective intervention to enhance physical health but may also improve mental health outcomes and slow the rate of neuroprogressive disturbances in psychiatric disorders. Areas of future research to help expand our understanding of the relationship between obesity and psychiatric disorders are also outlined.

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“…Further, psychological stress, specifically, modulates cytokines production. While cytokines are responsible for regulatory central nervous system functions and hence resulting behaviors, the potential relevance of cytokines to one's mental health is strongly correlated [24]. Over time stress causes disruptions to neural circuitry, neurotransmitter metabolism, neuro-endocrine function and synaptic plasticity [24].…”

Section: The Neurophysiological Effects Of Stress On Caregiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While cytokines are responsible for regulatory central nervous system functions and hence resulting behaviors, the potential relevance of cytokines to one's mental health is strongly correlated [24]. Over time stress causes disruptions to neural circuitry, neurotransmitter metabolism, neuro-endocrine function and synaptic plasticity [24]. What results is dysfunctional cytokine signaling, neuroinflammation and aberrant behaviors affiliated with potential outcomes of depression, anxiety and cognitive dysfunction.…”

Section: The Neurophysiological Effects Of Stress On Caregiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating Depression in the Caregivers of Cancer Patients

Louis¹

2017

JPCPY

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Partners often assume the role of caregiver when cancer is brought into the home. The support caregivers provide to cancer patients has immeasurable value. However, care giving can take a significant toll on loved ones from both a psychological and physiological perspective; sometimes to the point of producing caregiver burden. One of the diseases most prevalent in caregivers is depression. Signs and symptoms of depression amongst caregivers vary from mild to severe and people respond quite differently to the life stressors they face. While, the exact cause of depression is not known, proven research correlates it with an internal chemical and/or neurotransmitter imbalance that can be triggered by stress, chronic stress in particular. As a mood disorder, depression affects how you feel, think, and function in the performance of your daily activities. It is critically important to identify caregivers exhibiting depressive symptoms and first, to provide them with both emotional and psychological support, and second, so as to ensure the individual battling cancer receives optimal support from their loved ones. This review article serves to promote health awareness and the unmet needs of cancer patient caregivers, the presence of caregiver burden, and the impact that stress can have on one's neurophysiological processes to precipitate the development of mental illness such as depression.

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Inflammation in Anxiety

Cited by 262 publications

References 145 publications

Functional Abdominal Pain in Childhood and Long-term Vulnerability to Anxiety Disorders

Functional Abdominal Pain in Childhood and Long-term Vulnerability to Anxiety Disorders

Obesity and psychiatric disorders: Commonalities in dysregulated biological pathways and their implications for treatment

Treating Depression in the Caregivers of Cancer Patients

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