2013
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.02.007
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Inflammation, Autophagy, and Obesity: Common Features in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract: Inflammation and autophagy are cellular defense mechanisms. When these processes are deregulated (deficient or overactivated) they produce pathologic effects, such as oxidative stress, metabolic impairments, and cell death. Unresolved inflammation and disrupted regulation of autophagy are common features of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, obesity, a risk factor for pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, promotes inflammation and inhibits or deregulates autophagy, creating an environment that faci… Show more

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Cited by 301 publications
(281 citation statements)
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“…These data illustrate the contribution of chronic inflammation to pancreatic carcinogenesis. Although it is not fully understood how inflammation enhances PDAC carcinogenesis, several mechanisms have been proposed and reviewed (12). For example, activation of oncogenic Kras creates an inflammatory tumor microenvironment by increasing the production of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11, TNF-a, and IL-1a.…”
Section: Inflammation and Pancreatic Tumorigenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These data illustrate the contribution of chronic inflammation to pancreatic carcinogenesis. Although it is not fully understood how inflammation enhances PDAC carcinogenesis, several mechanisms have been proposed and reviewed (12). For example, activation of oncogenic Kras creates an inflammatory tumor microenvironment by increasing the production of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11, TNF-a, and IL-1a.…”
Section: Inflammation and Pancreatic Tumorigenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Of these, pancreatitis (including its acute and chronic forms) is one of the most frequently studied diseases. Although the pathogenesis mechanisms underlying the role of pancreatitis in PC etiology are still unclear, the molecular pathway for this association had been put forward by several hypotheses (Sakorafas et al, 2012;Gukovsky et al, 2013;Pinho et al, 2014;Kolodecik et al, 2014). Just like other benign diseases are associated with an increased cancer risk in the target organs (e.g., hepatitis and liver cancer, gastritis and gastric cancer), increased cell turnover and defective DNA repair in pancreatitis cases could lead to the occurrence of PC.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The molecular mechanisms mediating the progression of pancreatitis from acinar cell damage and inflammation to formation of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and PDAC are not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that in addition to ER stress, insufficient autophagy also contributes to development of pancreatitis (7).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this way, autophagy controls the cross-talk between the intracellular demand for energy, building blocks, and external stimuli (9). Autophagy is critically involved in mammalian development, cell survival, and longevity (10), and its impairment correlates with many pathological conditions (11), including pancreatitis (7). Notably, the mammalian exocrine pancreas exhibits a higher autophagy rate (or autophagic flux) than the liver, kidney, heart, or endocrine pancreas (12), underscoring the likely importance of autophagy in maintaining acinar cell homeostasis and function.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%