Inflammation and Metabolism in Cancer Cell—Mitochondria Key Player

Neagu, Monica; Constantin, Carolina; Popescu, Iulia; Zipeto, Donato; Tzanakakis, George N.; Nikitovic, Dragana; Fenga, Concettina; Stratakis, Constantine A.; Spandidos, Demetrios Α.; Tsatsakis, Aristidis

doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.00348

Cited by 117 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and impaired cell cycle leading to the growth of abnormal cells that invade and metastasize to other parts of the body [38,39]. Oxidative stress, hypoxia, genetic mutations and lack of apoptotic function are the main internal causes of cancer, whereas the external causes are related to increased exposure to stress, pollution, smoking, radiation and ultraviolet rays [40].…”

Section: Anticancer Effects Of Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents

et al. 2020

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Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds subdivided into 6 groups: isoflavonoids, flavanones, flavanols, flavonols, flavones and anthocyanidins found in a variety of plants. Fruits, vegetables, plant-derived beverages such as green tea, wine and cocoa-based products are the main dietary sources of flavonoids. Flavonoids have been shown to possess a wide variety of anticancer effects: they modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme activities, participate in arresting the cell cycle, induce apoptosis, autophagy, and suppress cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness. Flavonoids have dual action regarding ROS homeostasis—they act as antioxidants under normal conditions and are potent pro-oxidants in cancer cells triggering the apoptotic pathways and downregulating pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. This article reviews the biochemical properties and bioavailability of flavonoids, their anticancer activity and its mechanisms of action.

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Section: Anticancer Effects Of Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents

et al. 2020

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“…immune cells (33,34). Several studies have suggested that inflammasome activation is modulated by several glycolytic enzymes (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type III Secretion Effector VopQ of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Modulates Central Carbon Metabolism in Epithelial Cells

Nguyen

Shimohata

Hatayama

et al. 2020

mSphere

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic pathogen that frequently causes acute gastroenteritis and occasional wound infection. V. parahaemolyticus contains several virulence factors, including type III secretion systems (T3SSs) and thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH). In particular, T3SS1 is a potent cytotoxic inducer, and T3SS2 is essential for causing acute gastroenteritis. Although much is known about manipulation of host signaling transductions by the V. parahaemolyticus effector, little is known about the host metabolomic changes modulated by V. parahaemolyticus. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a metabolomic analysis of the epithelial cells during V. parahaemolyticus infection using capillary electrophoresis-time of flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF/MS). Our results revealed significant metabolomic perturbations upon V. parahaemolyticus infection. Moreover, we identified that T3SS1’s VopQ effector was responsible for inducing the significant metabolic changes in the infected cells. The VopQ effector dramatically altered the host cell’s glycolytic, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and amino acid metabolisms. VopQ effector disrupted host cell redox homeostasis by depleting cellular glutathione and subsequently increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. IMPORTANCE The metabolic response of host cells upon infection is pathogen specific, and infection-induced host metabolic reprogramming may have beneficial effects on the proliferation of pathogens. V. parahaemolyticus contains a range of virulence factors to manipulate host signaling pathways and metabolic processes. In this study, we identified that the T3SS1 VopQ effector rewrites host metabolism in conjunction with the inflammation and cell death processes. Understanding how VopQ reprograms host cell metabolism during the infection could help us to identify novel therapeutic strategies to enhance the survival of host cells during V. parahaemolyticus infection.

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“…The deadliest skin cancer with an increasing incidence, melanoma arises from melanocytes mainly subjected to solar or artificial ultraviolet radiation that induces DNA deterioration and enhances immune suppression [167,168].…”

Section: Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids in the Pathophysiology of Skin Inflammation

et al. 2020

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Cannabinoids are increasingly-used substances in the treatment of chronic pain, some neuropsychiatric disorders and more recently, skin disorders with an inflammatory component. However, various studies cite conflicting results concerning the cellular mechanisms involved, while others suggest that cannabinoids may even exert pro-inflammatory behaviors. This paper aims to detail and clarify the complex workings of cannabinoids in the molecular setting of the main dermatological inflammatory diseases, and their interactions with other substances with emerging applications in the treatment of these conditions. Also, the potential role of cannabinoids as antitumoral drugs is explored in relation to the inflammatory component of skin cancer. In vivo and in vitro studies that employed either phyto-, endo-, or synthetic cannabinoids were considered in this paper. Cannabinoids are regarded with growing interest as eligible drugs in the treatment of skin inflammatory conditions, with potential anticancer effects, and the readiness in monitoring of effects and the facility of topical application may contribute to the growing support of the use of these substances. Despite the promising early results, further controlled human studies are required to establish the definitive role of these products in the pathophysiology of skin inflammation and their usefulness in the clinical setting.

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Inflammation and Metabolism in Cancer Cell—Mitochondria Key Player

Cited by 117 publications

References 171 publications

Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents

Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents

Type III Secretion Effector VopQ of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Modulates Central Carbon Metabolism in Epithelial Cells

Cannabinoids in the Pathophysiology of Skin Inflammation

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