Inflammation and Bony Changes at the Temporomandibular Joint

Kacena, Melissa A.; Merrel, Greg A.; Konda, Sanjit R.; Wilson, Kimberly; Xi, Yougen; Horowitz, Mark C.

doi:10.1159/000047889

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although earlier studies have attempted to correlate cytokines with trigeminal pain, the major effort was on action of cytokines in the periphery (Alstergren et al, 1999;Kacena et al, 2001). Cytokines including IL-1␤, IL-6, and TNF-␣ are upregulated in the spinal cord and brain in the CFA model of inflammation (Raghavendra et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial–Cytokine–Neuronal Interactions Underlying the Mechanisms of Persistent Pain

Guo

Wang²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

429

503

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The emerging literature implicates a role for glia/cytokines in persistent pain. However, the mechanisms by which these non-neural elements contribute to CNS activity-dependent plasticity and pain are unclear. Using a trigeminal model of inflammatory hyperalgesia, here we provide evidence that demonstrates a mechanism by which glia interact with neurons, leading to activity-dependent plasticity and hyperalgesia. In response to masseter inflammation, there was an upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic proteins (GFAPs), a marker of astroglia, and interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤), a prototype proinflammatory cytokine, in the region of the trigeminal nucleus specifically related to the processing of deep orofacial input. The activated astroglia exhibited hypertrophy and an increased level of connexin 43, an astroglial gap junction protein. The upregulated IL-1␤ was selectively localized to astrocytes but not to microglia and neurons. Local anesthesia of the masseter nerve prevented the increase in GFAP and IL-1␤ after inflammation, and substance P, a prototype neurotransmitter of primary afferents, induced similar increases in GFAP and IL-1␤, which was blocked by a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial–Cytokine–Neuronal Interactions Underlying the Mechanisms of Persistent Pain

Guo

Wang²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

429

503

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Since arthritis plays an important role in TMD, the inflammation and its accompanied increase of blood circulation could play a role in numerical value uptake in the bone scan 13) . Although bone scans are highly sensitive, enough to find lesions in their early stages, the results could be similar to metabolic diseases such as squamous cell carcinoma, chondrosarcoma, metastatic disease, eosinophilic granuloma, cyst, osteomyelitis, trauma, Paget's disease, hyperthyreosis, and other bone or soft tissue diseases such as fibrous dysplasia, osteoporosis, and arthritis, along with bone grafts, because its specificity is relatively low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Follow-Up Using Bone Scans

Ku¹,

Kim²,

Yun³

2015

Journal of Korean Dental Science

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cc This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder follow-up and determine the factors that affect the TMJ bone scan hot spot numerical value (bone scan value), and to compare this value to the diagnosis of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), their treatment options, and the resolution of their symptoms. Materials and Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed on 24 patients (four males, 20 females) who received TMD treatment in the Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (Seongnam, Korea) from 2007 to 2014. An analysis of the significance test and correlation between TMD diagnosis, treatment options, a baseline the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) questionnaire, treatment before and after the clinical examination and subjective progress, and TMJ bone scan value change were completed by using SPSS version 12.0.Result: Although only 14 patients had bony factors that caused TMD, the average pre-treatment bone scan value of the all patients was 4.29±0.31, which is higher than the finding for osteoarthritis (3.88), and reduced post-treatment bone scan value was found to be without a statistically significant difference (P=0.056). After the treatments, clinical symptoms in 18 patients disappeared, and six patients did not require additional treatment, although they still displayed subjective symptoms. It was observed that the higher the pre-treatment bone scan value, nonspecific physical symptoms, chronic pain index, characteristic pain intensity, disability score, were, the lower the posttreatment bone scan value was. And this reduced post-treatment bone scan value tendency was not shown with the pre-treatment depression index, but there was not a statistical difference. Conclusion:The post-treatment TMJ bone scan value tended to be insignificantly reduced in the 24 patients whose clinical symptoms were improved (P=0.056). Moreover, the TMJ bone scan value showed no relation to the TMD type or its related symptoms.

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“…The inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, various kinds of MMPs should be investigate in aspect of its concentrations but also in aspect of its ratio to their receptors and other mediators [22,32]. That balance is very important for homeostasis and for treatment prognosis.…”

Section: Inflammatory Mediators In the Temporomandibular Joint Synovimentioning

confidence: 99%