Inflammabilité et combustibilité de la végétation forestière méditerranéenne

Delabraze, P.; Valette, J-Charles

doi:10.4267/2042/20879

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…We assessed flammability of the firebrands using an experimental device partially based on the "flammability measurement method" (Delabraze and Valette 1974) used by other authors (Valette 1988;Hernando et al 1994). The device consists of a 500-W electric radiator with a 10-cm diameter radiant disk; the surface temperature was 420°C at steady-state regime.…”

Section: Ignition Frequency Time To Ignition and Duration Of Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory characterization of firebrands involved in spot fires

Ganteaume¹,

Guijarro²,

Jappiot³

et al. 2011

Annals of Forest Science

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& Introduction Wildfires are considered the most important disturbance in the Mediterranean Basin, and some are propagated over long distances due to lift-off and ignition of firebrands. & Objectives To improve our knowledge of firebrands involved in spotting fires, flammability characteristics of eight types of firebrands commonly generated by wildfires in Southern Europe were determined under laboratory conditions. & Results All the firebrands tested showed 100% ignition frequency but with a wide range of time to ignition and flaming duration. Weight loss during combustion was exponentially related to time, and there was a decrease in the ratio of the weight at temperature T to the initial weight with increasing temperatures. In our experimental conditions, there was a significant effect of fuel moisture content on time to ignition, flaming duration, combustion and thermal decomposition. On the basis of the characteristics analysed, three firebrand groups have been identified in relation to spotting: heavy firebrands with ability to sustain flames, efficient for long-distance spotting (pine cones); light firebrands with high surface-to-volume ratio, efficient for short-distance spotting (leaves and thin barks); and light firebrands with low surface-to-volume ratio, efficient for short and, occasionally, long-distance spotting (all the other types of firebands).

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Section: Ignition Frequency Time To Ignition and Duration Of Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory characterization of firebrands involved in spot fires

Ganteaume¹,

Guijarro²,

Jappiot³

et al. 2011

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Vegetation combustion does not start with the appearance of a flame; rather, materials undergo thermal degradation before the start of flaming combustion [45,46] and complete combustion is possible without flames ever appearing [44,47]. Therefore, interpretation of negative tests should be reconsidered and testing combinations which do not yield sufficient number of positive tests should be regarded as inconclusive as they do not guarantee low fire hazard.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Vegetation Flammability: The Problem of Extremely Low Ignition Frequency and Overall Flammability Score

Kauf

Fangmeier

Rosavec

et al. 2014

Journal of Combustion

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In the recent decades changes in fire regimes led to higher vulnerability of fire prone ecosystems, with vegetation being the only component influencing fire regime which can be managed in order to reduce probability of extreme fire events. For these management practices to be effective reliable information on the vegetation flammability is being crucial. Epiradiator based testing methods are one of the methods commonly used to investigate vegetation flammability and decrease in ignition frequency is always interpreted as a decrease in flammability. Furthermore, gathered information is often combined into a single flammability score. Here we present results of leaf litter testing which, together with previously conducted research on similar materials, show that material with very low ignition frequency under certain testing conditions can be extremely flammable if testing conditions are slightly changed. Additionally, our results indicate that combining measured information into one single flammability score, even though sometimes useful, is not always meaningful and should be performed with caution.

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“…This is directly related to various factors which influence their vulnerabilities (Geography, climate, the floristic composition and the anthropic action). According to Delabraze and Valette [8], Houerou [9], Tatoni and Barbero [10], the fires constitute a major disturbance of the Mediterranean landscapes. They are related to the intense anthropic pressures, to the character xerophytic, and pyrophytic of the vegetation.…”

Section: Firesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropozoic impact on the floristic biodiversity in the area of Beni Saf (Algeria)

Merioua¹,

Seladji²,

Benabadji³

2013

OJE

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The degradation of the natural resources in Algeria nowadays remains a major constraint for the agrosilvopastoral development. Indeed, the area of Beni Saf is confronted with many problems such as the anthropozoic pressure which does not make it possible to keep balance between the exploitation of the natural resources and their regenerations in time and space. Following the example results obtained through a floristic study by the factorial analysis of correspondences (F A C), concerning the identification of anthropozoogenes species such as: Chamaerops humilis, Asphodelus microcarpus, Withania frutescens, Calycotome spinosa, Asparagus albus; furthermore, the calculation of the disturbance index which marks the rate of therophytisation which is about 68%, that one finds it very high. These indices show a disturbance and an imbalance of the plant formation of the zone of study, caused by the high anthropozoogene pressure. Vis-a-vis this threat, it is essential to propose a possibility of intervention for a durable management of these spaces.

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Inflammabilité et combustibilité de la végétation forestière méditerranéenne

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Laboratory characterization of firebrands involved in spot fires

Laboratory characterization of firebrands involved in spot fires

Testing Vegetation Flammability: The Problem of Extremely Low Ignition Frequency and Overall Flammability Score

Anthropozoic impact on the floristic biodiversity in the area of Beni Saf (Algeria)

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