Infiltration, Runoff, and Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon from Furrow-Irrigated Forage Fields under Cover Crop and No-Till Management in the Arid Climate of California

Mailapalli, Damodhara Rao; Horwáth, William R.; Wallender, W. W.; Burger, Martin

doi:10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000385

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Therefore these results, which indicate that a far greater amount of C is potentially lost as sediment than as DOC, may not be broadly generalizable. However, if well water is used for irrigation, it is likely that TSS-C loss is greater than DOC-C loss since well water contains very little sediment, and any sediment in runoff represents a loss of C, whereas this and other studies show that, during irrigation, DOC is generally contributing to an increase in field C [46,47]. In the present study, sediment in the inflow water was below our detection limit.…”

Section: Effects Of Residue Treatments and Fieldcontrasting

confidence: 58%

Crop Residue Biomass Effects on Agricultural Runoff

Mailapalli

Burger

Horwáth

et al. 2013

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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High residue loads associated with conservation tillage and cover cropping may impede water flow in furrow irrigation and thus decrease the efficiency of water delivery and runoff water quality. In this study, the biomass residue effects on infiltration, runoff, and export of total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), sediment-associated carbon (TSS-C), and other undesirable constituents such as phosphate (soluble P), nitrate (NO 3 −), and ammonium (NH 4 +) in runoff water from a furrowirrigated field were studied. Furrow irrigation experiments were conducted in 91 and 274 m long fields, in which the amount of residue in the furrows varied among four treatments. The biomass residue in the furrows increased infiltration, and this affected total load of DOC, TSS, and TSS-C. Net storage of DOC took place in the long but not in the short field because most of the applied water ran off in the short field. Increasing field length decreased TSS and TSS-C losses. Total load of NO 3 − , NH 4 + , and soluble P decreased with increasing distance from the inflow due to infiltration. The concentration and load of P increased with increasing residue biomass in furrows, but no particular trend was observed for NO 3 − and NH 4 +. Overall, the constituents in the runoff decreased with increasing surface cover and field length.

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Section: Effects Of Residue Treatments and Fieldcontrasting

confidence: 58%

Crop Residue Biomass Effects on Agricultural Runoff

Mailapalli

Burger

Horwáth

et al. 2013

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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“…Not specified British Columbia, Canada [29] Improve water infiltration Black oat (Avena strigose) Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Uraguay [30] Winter wheat Silage maize California, USA [31] Bromegrass (Bromus inermis), resident vegetation, and strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum) Hairy vetch Tomato Maryland, USA [39] Hairy vetch, sunnhemp, soybeans [25] Increase microbial activity…”

Section: Reduce Soil Compactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crops as an Agroecological Practice on Organic Vegetable Farms in Wisconsin, USA

Silva

Moore

2017

Sustainability

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Global agricultural and food systems face the challenge of feeding a growing world population in the face of finite and diminishing resources. To guide the redesign of agricultural systems, farmers and policymakers are increasingly turning to agroecology. Organic agriculture has historically integrated agroecological practices within its regulatory framework; however, questions remain as to the extent to which organic farmers are maintaining and expanding agroecological practices. In this paper, we will address convergences and divergences of agroecological and organic practices. Using cover cropping as a model agroecological practice, we conduct a preliminary assessment on the degree to which organic vegetable farms in Wisconsin, USA are integrating agroecological concepts into their farm management, drawing upon the results of a 2013 cover cropping practice survey. The survey data demonstrates varying degrees of complexity and diversity in cover cropping practices, potentially illustrating the desire of organic farmers to promote a high degree of agroecosystem services. Farmers' integration of cover crop diversity and complexity was not correlated to farm size or revenue. These results offer preliminary evidence that Wisconsin's organic vegetable farmers are integrating agroecological practices on their farms, even as growth in the organic market continues to occur.

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“…Although the positive impacts of organic amendments on soil quality and crop yield in both temperate and tropical countries have been amply demonstrated, the impact of these amendments on soil runoff and the impact of that runoff on adjacent aquatic systems has been less studied. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil runoff is strongly influenced by soil organic carbon content, soil erosion, vegetation cover, amounts, and intensities of rainfall, as well as type of composting applied ( Mailapalli et al, 2012 ; Worrall et al, 2012 ; Janeau et al, 2014 ; Pommier et al, 2014 ). It is therefore important to understand the fate of this DOC, as runoff has the potential to impact adjacent terrestrial and/or aquatic ecosystems ( Jacinthe et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Aquatic Bacteria to Terrestrial Runoff: Effects on Community Structure and Key Taxonomic Groups

Trinh

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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Organic fertilizer application is often touted as an economical and effective method to increase soil fertility. However, this amendment may increase dissolved organic carbon (DOC) runoff into downstream aquatic ecosystems and may consequently alter aquatic microbial community. We focused on understanding the effects of DOC runoff from soils amended with compost, vermicompost, or biochar on the aquatic microbial community of a tropical reservoir. Runoff collected from a series of rainfall simulations on soils amended with different organic fertilizers was incubated for 16 days in a series of 200 L mesocosms filled with water from a downstream reservoir. We applied 454 high throughput pyrosequencing for bacterial 16S rRNA genes to analyze microbial communities. After 16 days of incubation, the richness and evenness of the microbial communities present decreased in the mesocosms amended with any organic fertilizers, except for the evenness in the mesocosms amended with compost runoff. In contrast, they increased in the reservoir water control and soil-only amended mesocosms. Community structure was mainly affected by pH and DOC concentration. Compared to the autochthonous organic carbon produced during primary production, the addition of allochthonous DOC from these organic amendments seemed to exert a stronger effect on the communities over the period of incubation. While the Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria classes were positively associated with higher DOC concentration, the number of sequences representing key bacterial groups differed between mesocosms particularly between the biochar runoff addition and the compost or vermi-compost runoff additions. The genera of Propionibacterium spp. and Methylobacterium spp. were highly abundant in the compost runoff additions suggesting that they may represent sentinel species of complex organic carbon inputs. Overall, this work further underlines the importance of studying the off-site impacts of organic fertilizers as their impact on downstream aquatic systems is not negligible.

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Infiltration, Runoff, and Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon from Furrow-Irrigated Forage Fields under Cover Crop and No-Till Management in the Arid Climate of California

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Crop Residue Biomass Effects on Agricultural Runoff

Crop Residue Biomass Effects on Agricultural Runoff

Cover Crops as an Agroecological Practice on Organic Vegetable Farms in Wisconsin, USA

Responses of Aquatic Bacteria to Terrestrial Runoff: Effects on Community Structure and Key Taxonomic Groups

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