Infiltration of diesel exhaust from a loading dock into a nearby building

Lin, Yan; Hu, Dongmei; Fung, Cha-Chen David; Marino, Emily K; Zhu, Yifang

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116949

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In our previous study, the ranges of AER were 0.1-0.2 h -1 , 1.0-3.0 h -1 , and 4.0-5.0 h -1 for vape shops with no ventilation or A/C, natural ventilation, and central ventilation systems, respectively (Nguyen et al, 2019). In the current study performed in a building with central ventilation system (Lin et al, 2019), the AERs were comparable with those in real vape shops with central ventilation systems. It is likely that in vape shops with lower AERs due to limited ventilation, vaping could lead to higher indoor particle concentrations as compared with our study.…”

Section: Concentrations and Dynamics Of Pnc And Pm25 Due To E-cig Usementioning

confidence: 51%

“…The infiltration of outdoor PM might also impact the observation in our study, but is expected to be minimal. In our previous study in the same building, we have observed a low infiltration rate for PM 2.5 (0.02-0.13), due to the use of Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) 14 filters in the central ventilation system (Lin et al, 2019). In addition, even when marked outdoor emission (e.g., diesel exhaust) exists, the corresponding indoor PM 2.5 increase was around 3 µg m -3 , which was much lower than the PM 2.5 increase observed in Phase II and III.…”

Section: Effects Of Mitigation On Particle Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Transport and Mitigation of Exhaled Electronic Cigarette Aerosols in a Multizone Indoor Environment

Zhang

Lin

Zhu

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Using an electronic cigarette (e-cig) has been shown to emit a substantial amount of particles and degrade indoor air quality. Here, we tested the effectiveness of different mitigation strategies to reduce indoor particulate pollution due to e-cigs. We simultaneously measured concentrations of particle number (PNC) and fine particle (PM 2.5 ) mass in a vaping room and an adjacent non-vaping room, both of which were well controlled, during e-cig use under six different experimental conditions: (1) the baseline scenario, in which the connecting door between the two rooms was open, the ventilation in both rooms was low, and no air purifier was operated; (2) the connecting door between the two rooms was closed; (3) the ventilation was enhanced in the vaping room; (4) the ventilation was enhanced in the non-vaping room; (5) an air purifier was operated in the vaping room; and (6) an air purifier was operated in the non-vaping room. We found that the particle concentrations significantly decreased in both of the rooms when either the ventilation was enhanced or the air purifier was operated. Closing the connecting door between the two rooms produced the largest reduction (42%) of PNC in the nonvaping room; however, it also led to a 26% increase of PNC in the vaping room. Previous studies have demonstrated that vape shops contain high concentrations of particles when no mitigation strategies are implemented. Our results provide a basis for assessing and reducing exposure to e-cig aerosols and its associated health effects in future studies.

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Section: Concentrations and Dynamics Of Pnc And Pm25 Due To E-cig Usementioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Effects Of Mitigation On Particle Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Transport and Mitigation of Exhaled Electronic Cigarette Aerosols in a Multizone Indoor Environment

Zhang

Lin

Zhu

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…(3) The total traffic volume by vehicle type of engine/fuel including gasoline-and dieselpowered engines was included. (4). The total traffic volume by vehicle category of capacity including motorbikes, buses, taxis, coaches, articulated heavy-goods vehicles (HGVs) (HGVs have a permanent or semi-permanent pivot joint in its construction), and rigid HGVs was included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diesel exhausts (DE) comprise various particle-bound and gaseous toxicants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 1 and their derivatives (e.g., nitrated PAHs), 2 that have been classified as Group 1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. 3 Remarkably, although the emission of DE mostly occurs outdoors, DE has been shown to infiltrate through air filtration systems and enter indoor environments, 4 which may result in substantial exposure among urban residents living in proximity of roadside traffic of diesel-powered vehicles. However, it has been challenging to characterize urban residents' exposure to DE, a component of the complex mixture of air pollution resulting from various sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Amino-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Residents: Finding a Biomarker for Residential Exposure to Diesel Traffic

Yang

Lin

Wang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Despite substantial evidence of marked exposure to and ill-health effects from diesel exhaust (DE) emissions among occupational population (e.g., miners, truck drivers, and taxi drivers), it is less understood to what extent non-occupational population was exposed to DE among various combustion sources, largely due to the lack of biomarkers that would indicate specific exposure to DE. We evaluated whether urinary amino-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (APAHs), such as major metabolites of DE-specific nitrated PAHs, can be used as DE exposure biomarkers in residential settings. We measured five urinary APAHs in 177 urine samples from 98 UK residents, 89 (91%) of them were London residents, and estimated their residential proximity to various traffic indicators (e.g., the road type, road length, traffic flow, and traffic volume). Participants living within 100 m of major roads exhibited increased levels of all five APAHs, among which 2-amino-fluorene (2-AFLU) reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). We estimated that a 10 m increase in the length of nearby major roads (<100 m) was associated with a 4.4% (95% CI of 1.1 to 7.6%) increase in 2-AFLU levels. Levels of 2-AFLU were significantly associated with the traffic flow of nearby buses and heavy-duty vehicles but not motorbikes, taxis, or coaches. We did not observe a significant association between distance to major roads or the sum of the major road length within 100 m with the other four biomarker concentrations. These results suggest the use of urinary 2-AFLU as a biomarker of DE exposure in urban residents.

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The effects of ventilation and filtration on indoor PM2.5 in office buildings in four countries

Jones

Laurent

Young

et al. 2021

Building and Environment

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Infiltration of diesel exhaust from a loading dock into a nearby building

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Transport and Mitigation of Exhaled Electronic Cigarette Aerosols in a Multizone Indoor Environment

Transport and Mitigation of Exhaled Electronic Cigarette Aerosols in a Multizone Indoor Environment

Urinary Amino-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Residents: Finding a Biomarker for Residential Exposure to Diesel Traffic

The effects of ventilation and filtration on indoor PM2.5 in office buildings in four countries

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