Inferring the potential of plastid DNA-based identification of derived ferns: a case study on the Asplenium trichomanes aggregate in Europe

Liu, Hongmei; Russell, Stephen; Vogel, Johannes; Schneider, Harald

doi:10.1007/s00606-018-1529-9

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Thus, it appears that substrate preference could play a significant role in the reproductive isolation of chemotypes P and YG from these geographically proximate diploids, thus increasing the probability of survival for newly formed tetraploid lineages. Similar evolutionary patterns have been reported in Asplenium trichomanes (Lovis, ; Tigerschiold, ; Moran, ; Liu et al., ). In this species, the globally distributed diploid (subsp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Infraspecific diversification of the star cloak fern (Notholaena standleyi) in the deserts of the United States and Mexico

Kao

Rothfels

Melgoza‐Castillo

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

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2020. Infraspecific diversification of the star cloak fern (Notholaena standleyi) in the deserts of the United States and Mexico.PREMISE: Not all ferns grow in moist and shaded habitats. One well-known example is Notholaena standleyi, a species that thrives in deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. This species exhibits several "chemotypes" that differ in farina (flavonoid exudates) color and chemistry. By integrating data from molecular phylogenetics, cytology, biochemistry, and biogeography, we circumscribed the major evolutionary lineages within N. standleyi and reconstructed their diversification histories. METHODS:Forty-eight samples were selected from across the geographic distribution of N. standleyi. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using four plastid and five nuclear markers. Ploidy levels were inferred using spore sizes calibrated by chromosome counts, and farina chemistry was compared using thin-layer chromatography. RESULTS:Four clades are recognized, three of which roughly correspond to previously recognized chemotypes. The diploid clades G and Y are found in the Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts, respectively; they are estimated to have diverged in the Pleistocene, congruent with the postulated timing of climatological events separating these two deserts. Clade P/YG is tetraploid and partially overlaps the distribution of clade Y in the eastern Chihuahuan Desert. It is apparently confined to limestone, a geologic substrate rarely occupied by members of the other clades. The cryptic (C) clade, a diploid group known only from southern Mexico and highly disjunct from the other three clades, is newly recognized here. CONCLUSIONS:Our results reveal a complex intraspecific diversification history of N. standleyi, traceable to a variety of evolutionary drivers including classic allopatry, parapatry with or without changes in geologic substrate, and sympatric divergence through polyploidization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…A recent molecular study by Liu et al. () found that all tetraploids share plastid haplotypes with the diploid European limestone endemic subsp. inexpectans , which suggests that the latter is their maternal parent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infraspecific diversification of the star cloak fern (Notholaena standleyi) in the deserts of the United States and Mexico

Kao

Rothfels

Melgoza‐Castillo

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

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“…Nakato and Kato, 2005;Chang et al, 2013), and when local ploidy coexistence is reported -e.g. in the Asplenium trichomanes complex (Moran, 1982;Ekrt and Štech, 2008;Liu et al, 2018) or the A. ceterach complex (Trewick et al, 2002) it is usually restricted to certain regions. Moreover, such a cytotype distribution pattern is quite rare even in well-documented mixed-ploidy angiosperms (but see, e.g.…”

Section: Ploidy Distribution Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread co-occurrence of multiple ploidy levels in fragile ferns (Cystopteris fragilis complex; Cystopteridaceae) probably stems from similar ecology of cytotypes, their efficient dispersal and inter-ploidy hybridization

et al. 2018

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Background and Aims Polyploidy has played an important role in the evolution of ferns. However, the dearth of data on cytotype diversity, cytotype distribution patterns and ecology in ferns is striking in comparison with angiosperms and prevents an assessment of whether cytotype coexistence and its mechanisms show similar patterns in both plant groups. Here, an attempt to fill this gap was made using the ploidy-variable and widely distributed Cystopteris fragilis complex. Methods Flow cytometry was used to assess DNA ploidy level and monoploid genome size (Cx value) of 5518 C. fragilis individuals from 449 populations collected over most of the species’ global distributional range, supplemented with data from 405 individuals representing other related species from the complex. Ecological preferences of C. fragilis tetraploids and hexaploids were compared using field-recorded parameters and database-extracted climate data. Key Results Altogether, five different ploidy levels (2x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 8x) were detected and three species exhibited intraspecific ploidy-level variation: C. fragilis, C. alpina and C. diaphana. Two predominant C. fragilis cytotypes, tetraploids and hexaploids, co-occur over most of Europe in a diffuse, mosaic-like pattern. Within this contact zone, 40 % of populations were mixed-ploidy and most also contained pentaploid hybrids. Environmental conditions had only a limited effect on the distribution of cytotypes. Differences were found in the Cx value of tetraploids and hexaploids: between-cytotype divergence was higher in uniform-ploidy than in mixed-ploidy populations. Conclusions High ploidy-level diversity and widespread cytotype coexistence in the C. fragilis complex match the well-documented patterns in some angiosperms. While ploidy coexistence in C. fragilis is not driven by environmental factors, it could be facilitated by the perennial life-form of the species, its reproductive modes and efficient wind dispersal of spores. Independent origins of hexaploids and/or inter-ploidy gene flow may be expected in mixed-ploidy populations according to Cx value comparisons.

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“…taurica is only known from one locality in southeastern part of the country. Last subspecies was represented in the Red Data Book of Flora of Serbia (Randjelović & Zlatković 1999) Liu et al (2018) phylogenetic plastid DNA analysis supports the argument that the mentioned taxa have to be in a rank of species. However, authors erroneously used the name A. inexpectans (Lovis) Landolt, although it does not have priority over A. microphyllum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Material on the annotated checklist of vascular flora of Serbia: Nomenclatural, taxonomic and floristic notes I

Niketić¹,

Tomović²,

Perić³

et al. 2018

Bull Natural History Museum

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Inferring the potential of plastid DNA-based identification of derived ferns: a case study on the Asplenium trichomanes aggregate in Europe

Cited by 12 publications

References 78 publications

Infraspecific diversification of the star cloak fern (Notholaena standleyi) in the deserts of the United States and Mexico

Infraspecific diversification of the star cloak fern (Notholaena standleyi) in the deserts of the United States and Mexico

Widespread co-occurrence of multiple ploidy levels in fragile ferns (Cystopteris fragilis complex; Cystopteridaceae) probably stems from similar ecology of cytotypes, their efficient dispersal and inter-ploidy hybridization

Material on the annotated checklist of vascular flora of Serbia: Nomenclatural, taxonomic and floristic notes I

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