Inferior vena cava monitoring in heart failure: don't wait until the last drop makes the cup run over

Pagnesi, Matteo; Baldetti, Luca; Adamo, Marianna

doi:10.1002/ejhf.2839

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Clinical Applications Of Ivc Diameter Estimation1

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2023

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“…However, the accurate detection and quantification of congestion is difficult, but essential for the correct management of the patient [ 101 , 102 ]. Measurement of the RAP and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) are two methods commonly used to assess congestion [ 69 , 103 ]. High RAP values predict poor outcome in patients with HF [ 9 ].…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of Ivc Diameter Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing Ultrasound Scans of the Inferior Vena Cava: Techniques and Applications

Policastro,

Mesin

2023

Bioengineering

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The inferior vena cava (IVC) is the largest vein in the body. It returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the tissues placed under the diaphragm. The size and dynamics of the IVC depend on the blood volume and right atrial pressure, which are important indicators of a patient’s hydration and reflect possible pathological conditions. Ultrasound (US) assessment of the IVC is a promising technique for evaluating these conditions, because it is fast, non-invasive, inexpensive, and without side effects. However, the standard M-mode approach for measuring IVC diameter is prone to errors due to the vein movements during respiration. B-mode US produces two-dimensional images that better capture the IVC shape and size. In this review, we discuss the pros and cons of current IVC segmentation techniques for B-mode longitudinal and transverse views. We also explored several scenarios where automated IVC segmentation could improve medical diagnosis and prognosis.

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