Inferior frontal cortex as a key generator of mismatch negativity: a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study

The critical role of the inferior frontal cortex in establishing a prediction model for generating subsequent mismatch negativity (MMN): A TMS-EEG study

“…The IFC generator is speculated to involve in establishing, maintaining, and updating the prediction model for deviance detection [18,20,21] under the prediction violation account; J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f while the STC generator is commonly agreed to serve as a comparator of the prediction and the incoming event in the detection process [12,13,18,22]. The functional connection between the IFC and the STC in deviance detection was demonstrated by combining transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with brain imaging methods (e.g., rTMS-EEG [23,24] and concurrent single pulse TMS-optical brain imaging [25,26]). Due to the preattentive nature, the detection of deviance could only be reflected by the MMN or the corresponding mismatch brain responses, but not behavioral measures.…”