Abstract:We present a model of vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers with nonlinear pricing strategies. Using home-scan data on bottled water produced by manufacturers and sold by retail chains in France, we estimate a structural demand and supply model allowing for two-part tariff contracts between manufacturers and retailers. Using price-cost margins recovered from estimates of demand parameters, we select the best supply model by performing nonnested tests, and find that manufacturers use two-part t… Show more
“…4 The timing of moves is as follows. First, U bargains with each D i over the terms of a two-part tari¤ contract, i.e., over a wholesale price, w i , and a …xed fee, after observing each other's contract terms.…”
Section: The Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 Assuming zero marginal production costs upstream and downstream is without loss of generality. 4 See Singh and Vives (1984) for details regarding the derivation of the demand functions from the representative consumer's utility maximization problem. 5 According to Rey and Vergé's (2004) terminology, we assume that contracts are interim observable.…”
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The working papers published in the Series constitute work in progress circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comments. Views expressed represent exclusively the authors' own opinions and do not necessarily reflect those of the editor. Cournot competition yields higher output, lower wholesale prices, lower …nal prices, higher consumers'surplus, and higher total welfare than Bertrand competition.
Terms of use:
Documents in
“…4 The timing of moves is as follows. First, U bargains with each D i over the terms of a two-part tari¤ contract, i.e., over a wholesale price, w i , and a …xed fee, after observing each other's contract terms.…”
Section: The Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 Assuming zero marginal production costs upstream and downstream is without loss of generality. 4 See Singh and Vives (1984) for details regarding the derivation of the demand functions from the representative consumer's utility maximization problem. 5 According to Rey and Vergé's (2004) terminology, we assume that contracts are interim observable.…”
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The working papers published in the Series constitute work in progress circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comments. Views expressed represent exclusively the authors' own opinions and do not necessarily reflect those of the editor. Cournot competition yields higher output, lower wholesale prices, lower …nal prices, higher consumers'surplus, and higher total welfare than Bertrand competition.
Terms of use:
Documents in
“…We build on the existing literature on multiple-discrete choice (see Hendel (1999), Dubé (2005), Gentzkow (2007)), and discrete-continuous choice (see Dubin and McFadden (1984), Haneman (1984), Smith (2004)). 8 Our multi-category multi-store model brings together the empirical literature that measures market power for a single supermarket category (e.g. Nevo (2001) and Villas Boas (2007)), with the literature on spatial competition between retail outlets in which the choice of category is not modelled (e.g.…”
In many competitive settings consumers buy multiple product categories, and some prefer to use a single firm, generating complementary cross-category price effects. To study pricing in supermarkets, an organizational form where these effects are internalized, we develop a multi-category multi-seller demand model and estimate it using UK consumer data. This class of model is used widely in theoretical analysis of retail pricing. We quantify crosscategory pricing effects and find that internalizing them substantially reduces market power.We find that consumers inclined to one-stop (rather than multi-stop) shopping have a greater pro-competitive impact because they generate relatively large cross-category effects.
We investigate the strategic incentives for partial vertical integration, namely, partial ownership agreements between manufacturers and retailers, when retailers privately know their costs and engage in differentiated good price competition. The partial misalignment between the profit objectives within a partially integrated manufacturer-retailer hierarchy entails a higher retail price than under full integration. This 'information vertical effect' translates into an opposite 'competition horizontal effect': the partially integrated hierarchy's commitment to a higher price induces the competitor to increase its price, which strategically relaxes competition. Our analysis provides implications for vertical merger policy and theoretical support for the recently documented empirical evidence on partial vertical acquisitions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.