Infective Endocarditis of the Aortic Valve Complicated by Aorta–To–Pulmonary Artery Fistula

Klassen, Sheila; Mihos, Christos G.; Birmingham, Mary Jane; Gadoua, Kate-lyn; Yucel, Evin

doi:10.1016/j.case.2019.01.004

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the present case, the patient had an extensive paravalvular infective endocarditis that formed from an aortic root aneurysm which required aortic valve replacement surgery as a result. Additionally, the patient's blood cultures identified Staphylococcus as the causative organism of the infective endocarditis, which has been shown to be the most common organism associated with any type of fistula formation [5]. Though it is hard to differentiate the main cause that led to the development of the fistula, the negative blood cultures and absence of systemic symptoms helped us rule out a recurrent infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of aortopulmonary fistula cases have been diagnosed post mortem and extremely rarely in patients who are alive [2]. Case studies have shown its associations with infective endocarditis (IE) and valvular surgery as a result of thoracic aortic aneurysm formation [3][4][5]. In the following case report, we discuss the rare, but important, complication of an aortopulmonary fistula formation following a bioprosthetic surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for treatment of an aortic valve endocarditis with aortic root abscess.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Unusual Case of an Acquired Aortopulmonary Fistula after Surgical Replacement of a Bicuspid Aortic Valve

Khalid

Dasu

Daneshvar³

et al. 2021

Case Reports in Cardiology

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Aortopulmonary fistulas are extremely rare and often occur as a result of long-standing aortic aneurysms. They are most frequently due to the erosion of a false aneurysm of the ascending or descending thoracic aorta into the pulmonary artery. Patients generally present with symptoms of acute decompensated heart failure due to a sudden formation of a left-to-right shunt. Here, we present the case of a 63-year-old male who acquired an aortopulmonary fistula four months after undergoing successful bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Unusual Case of an Acquired Aortopulmonary Fistula after Surgical Replacement of a Bicuspid Aortic Valve

Khalid

Dasu

Daneshvar³

et al. 2021

Case Reports in Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Coronary vessels, iliac and mesenteric arteries, liver, and the lung are less commonly affected [30]. The organ damage deriving from embolization consists in parenchymal infarcts and, in the case of septic embolization, in the possibility of spread of the infectious process by formation of an abscess or a mycotic aneurysm in affected arteries [31][32][33]. Embolization in the central nervous system with intracranial mycotic aneurysm and splenic infarction often complicates left-sided endocarditis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread septic embolization in injection drug use mitro-aortic infective endocarditis as a remote cause of death

et al. 2020

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Injection drug use-related infective endocarditis (IDU-IE) assumes peculiar epidemiological, pathogenetic, and prognostic characteristics that allow to consider it a distinct nosological entity, as well as a current problem of considerable social weight. Incidence is reasonably underestimated because diagnosis is often accidental in postmortem examination when drug-related death is suspected. In many cases, postmortem toxicological examinations are negative for acute drug abuse, and findings of infective endocarditis became relevant in the explanation of the mechanism of death. Extracardiac involvement of infective endocarditis is rarely reported as fatal. Fragmentation and embolization of bacterial vegetations can be associated with parenchymal infarcts, systemic spread of the infectious process by formation of an abscess. A case of septic shock as a consequence of the constant bacteremia determined by the continuous proliferation and release of bacteria into the circulation is presented in an injection drug user with left-sided endocarditis and widespread septic embolization. Authors reviewed forensic and medical literature and promote epidemiological value of medical and forensic autopsy. Extracardiac involvement of infective endocarditis may represent a remote and alternative cause of death in injection drug users, and an early diagnosis can be relevant for prognosis. Postmortem examination still represents a valuable opportunity of learning for clinicians and improving diagnostic accuracy with injection drug users. A call for changing of attitudes and practice toward autopsy is finally demanded.

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Infective Endocarditis of the Aortic Valve Complicated by Aorta–To–Pulmonary Artery Fistula

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

An Unusual Case of an Acquired Aortopulmonary Fistula after Surgical Replacement of a Bicuspid Aortic Valve

An Unusual Case of an Acquired Aortopulmonary Fistula after Surgical Replacement of a Bicuspid Aortic Valve

Widespread septic embolization in injection drug use mitro-aortic infective endocarditis as a remote cause of death

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