Infective Endocarditis in Intravenous Drug Users from Italy: the Increasing Importance in HIV-infected Patients

Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe De; Cicalini, Stefania; Canta, Francesca; Audagnotto, Sabrina; Cecchi, Enrico; Perri, Giovanni Di

doi:10.1007/s15010-007-5125-0

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This can be explained by higher heart failure, renal failure and pulmonary embolism rates during hospitalization in our series compared with previously reported [4,8]. As expected [7,8,10], in-hospital mortality is higher in LSIE. Of note, patients in this group have more periannular complications, multivalvular episodes, renal failure and systemic embolism rates.…”

Section: To the Editorsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Overall in-hospital mortality in our series is higher than previously reported (9% to 18%) [3,4,7,8,10]. This can be explained by higher heart failure, renal failure and pulmonary embolism rates during hospitalization in our series compared with previously reported [4,8].…”

Section: To the Editorcontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…This fact can be explained by the continuation of drug abuse in many of these patients. S. aureus is the leading aetiology in IDUs [5], being responsible for 40% to 74% of IE episodes [3,4,[7][8][9][10]. Several risk factors for S. aureus infections in IDUs have been reported, such as nasal colonization, contaminated drugs use, drug-use paraphernalia and drug-use environment [1].…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current profile of infective endocarditis in intravenous drug users: The prognostic relevance of the valves involved

Ortiz‐Bautista

López

García‐Granja

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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Section: To the Editorsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: To the Editorcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Current profile of infective endocarditis in intravenous drug users: The prognostic relevance of the valves involved

Ortiz‐Bautista

López

García‐Granja

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…It occurs most frequently at CD4 counts <50 cells/ml and high viral loads [85]. In resource-rich countries, IE in HIV infection is most commonly seen among intravenous drug users where S. aureus is the commonest agent [85,116,117]. In SSA, the underlying pathology in IE is …”

Section: Endocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of severe non-TB bacterial infection in HIV-infected adults

Gaskell¹,

Feasey

Heyderman

2015

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Despite widespread antiretroviral therapy use, severe bacterial infections (SBI) in HIV-infected adults continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Four main pathogens account for the majority of documented SBI: Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typhoidal strains of Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The epidemiology of SBI is dynamic, both in developing countries where, despite dramatic successes in antiretroviral therapy, coverage is far from complete, and in settings in both resource-poor and resource-rich countries where antiretroviral therapy failure is becoming increasingly common. Throughout the world, this complexity is further compounded by rapidly emerging antimicrobial resistance, making management of SBI very challenging in these vulnerable patients. We review the causes and treatment of SBI in HIV-infected people and discuss future developments in this field.

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“…In patients with IE and HIV infection, there was higher total mortality at 2 mo, specifically in those with a CD4 count below 200 per microl [43,44] . In addition, any left sided involvement and age greater than 35 years are independently associated with mortality [45][46][47] . In a study, IVDAs with IE admitted to intensive care unit had very high mortality (27%), mainly due to sepsis and septic embolization [48] .…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous drug abuse and tricuspid valve endocarditis: Growing trends in the Middle East Gulf region

Panduranga

Al-Abri

Al-Lawati

2013

WJC

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Traditionally, tricuspid valve endocarditis is uncommon in the Middle East region. However, recent global data indicate growing trends in the use of illicit drug abuse, specifically injectable heroin, in the Middle East Gulf region. The presence of many transit port services in the Middle East Gulf States has led to smuggling of substance abuse drugs in the region. The Middle East Gulf States, currently a transit market, are also becoming a growing consumer market in view of the increased substance abuse in the youth. However, there is a paucity of data with respect to the prevalence or incidence of tricuspid valve endocarditis in the region, probably due to underdiagnosis or underreporting. A high index of suspicion of tricuspid valve endocarditis is essential in patients with a history of intravenous drug abuse. This article reviews the epidemiology of illicit drug abuse in the Middle East Gulf region, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of tricuspid valve endocarditis, and calls for all physicians in the region to be vigilant while dealing with intravenous drug abuse.© 2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved. Key words: Drug abuser; Illicit drugs; Infective endocarditis; Tricuspid valve; Middle EastCore tip: It is presumed that tricuspid valve endocarditis is uncommon in the Middle East region. However, recently published global data indicate growing trends in the use of illicit drug abuse in the Middle East Gulf region. The Middle East Gulf States, currently a transit market, are also becoming a growing consumer market in view of the consumption patterns of substance abuse in the youth. This article reviews the epidemiology of illicit drug abuse in the Middle East Gulf region as well as diagnosis and treatment of tricuspid valve endocarditis.Panduranga P, Al-Abri S, Al-Lawati J. Intravenous drug abuse and tricuspid valve endocarditis: Growing trends in the Middle East Gulf region.

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Infective Endocarditis in Intravenous Drug Users from Italy: the Increasing Importance in HIV-infected Patients

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

Current profile of infective endocarditis in intravenous drug users: The prognostic relevance of the valves involved

Current profile of infective endocarditis in intravenous drug users: The prognostic relevance of the valves involved

Management of severe non-TB bacterial infection in HIV-infected adults

Intravenous drug abuse and tricuspid valve endocarditis: Growing trends in the Middle East Gulf region

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