Infective Endocarditis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Viridans Group Streptococci

Knoll, Bettina M.; Tleyjeh, Imad M.; Steckelberg, James M.; Wilson, Walter R.; Baddour, Larry M.

doi:10.1086/518174

Cited by 55 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…To date, however, the number of IE cases that have been reported as a result of VGS or S gallolyticus (bovis) strains that harbor any degree of penicillin resistance is small. [123][124][125][126] Therefore, it is difficult to define the optimal treatment strategies for this group of patients. Table 8 shows regimens for treatment of NVE caused by relatively penicillin-resistant strains (MIC >0.12-<0.5 µg/mL).…”

Section: Native Valvementioning

confidence: 99%

Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications

Baddour¹,

Wilson²,

Bayer³

et al. 2015

Circulation

2,450

1,421

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Background— Infective endocarditis is a potentially lethal disease that has undergone major changes in both host and pathogen. The epidemiology of infective endocarditis has become more complex with today’s myriad healthcare-associated factors that predispose to infection. Moreover, changes in pathogen prevalence, in particular a more common staphylococcal origin, have affected outcomes, which have not improved despite medical and surgical advances. Methods and Results— This statement updates the 2005 iteration, both of which were developed by the American Heart Association under the auspices of the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease of the Young. It includes an evidence-based system for diagnostic and treatment recommendations used by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association for treatment recommendations. Conclusions— Infective endocarditis is a complex disease, and patients with this disease generally require management by a team of physicians and allied health providers with a variety of areas of expertise. The recommendations provided in this document are intended to assist in the management of this uncommon but potentially deadly infection. The clinical variability and complexity in infective endocarditis, however, dictate that these recommendations be used to support and not supplant decisions in individual patient management.

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Section: Native Valvementioning

confidence: 99%

Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications

Baddour¹,

Wilson²,

Bayer³

et al. 2015

Circulation

2,450

1,421

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Zgony nie wiązały się z opornością na lek, ale wynikały ze współistniejących stanów chorobowych [146]. Wyniki leczenia PVE i NVE były podobne [145], dlatego też terapia antybiotykami zarówno w przypadku paciorkowców penicylinowrażliwych, jak i penicylinoopornych nie różni się zasadniczo (tab. 16).…”

Section: Grupa Opornych Na Penicylinę Paciorkowców Jamy Ustnej Oraz Sunclassified

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis

Habib¹,

Lancellotti

Antunes³

et al. 2015

Kardiol Pol

144

212

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“…Of these, S. pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is responsible for more than a million deaths annually and is responsible for diseases such as otitis media, pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis. However, invasive diseases caused by other related viridans group streptococci had been documented (16,26,31).Some strains of S. pseudopneumoniae, along with S. mitis and S. oralis, have often been classified previously as "atypical pneumococci," because of their similarity to S. pneumoniae. These organisms share Ն99% identity in 16S rRNA gene sequences (2,21,43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae Identification by Pherotype: a Method To Assist Understanding of a Potentially Emerging or Overlooked Pathogen

Leung¹,

Ling²,

Ciesielczuk³

et al. 2012

J Clin Microbiol

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bThe recent identification of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae (pseudopneumococcus) has complicated classification schemes within members of the "mitis" streptococcal group. Accurate differentiation of this species is necessary for understanding its disease potential and identification in clinical settings. This work described the use of the competence-stimulatory peptide ComC sequence for identification of S. pseudopneumoniae. ComC sequences from clinical sources were determined for 17 strains of S. pseudopneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus oralis. An additional 58 ComC sequences from a range of sources were included to understand the diversity and suitability of this protein as a diagnostic marker for species identification. We identified three pherotypes for this species, delineated CSP6.1 (10/14, 79%), CSP6.3 (3/14, 21%), and SK674 (1/14, 7%). Pseudopneumococcal ComC sequences formed a discrete cluster within those of other oral streptococci. This suggests that the comC sequence could be used to identify S. pseudopneumoniae, thus simplifying the study of the pathogenic potential of this organism. To avoid confusion between pneumococcal and pseudopneumococcal pherotypes, we have renamed the competence pherotype CSP6.1, formerly reported as an "atypical" pneumococcus, CSPps1 to reflect its occurrence in S. pseudopneumoniae.T he mitis group of streptococci includes nasopharyngeal colonizers such as Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the recently classified Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae (2). Of these, S. pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is responsible for more than a million deaths annually and is responsible for diseases such as otitis media, pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis. However, invasive diseases caused by other related viridans group streptococci had been documented (16,26,31).Some strains of S. pseudopneumoniae, along with S. mitis and S. oralis, have often been classified previously as "atypical pneumococci," because of their similarity to S. pneumoniae. These organisms share Ն99% identity in 16S rRNA gene sequences (2,21,43). Optochin sensitivity and bile solubility, the two standard pneumococcal phenotypic identification tests, have proven to be inconclusive for differentiating pneumococci from these atypical strains (3,4,9,10,17,19,20,22,27,29,32,34,38,39,49). Virulence factors that were once thought to be exclusive to the pneumococcus, such as pneumolysin (encoded by ply) and autolysin A (encoded by lytA), have been detected in commensal streptococcal species (18,35,49), compromising their specificity as species identification markers. The pathogenic potential of S. pseudopneumoniae (the pseudopneumococcus) has been demonstrated in a murine model (12) as well as in humans (2,18,23,24,28,40). Rapid, correct identification of this organism in the clinical setting is essential for diagnosis and for understanding its disease potential. A simple, unequivocal method to identify S. pseudopneumoniae would be valuable.Streptococci are competent for gene...

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Infective Endocarditis Due to Penicillin-Resistant Viridans Group Streptococci

Abstract: Outcomes of this relatively large population of patients with endocarditis with a prolonged duration of follow-up indicate that the application of current treatment guidelines should be successful in most patients.

Cited by 55 publications

References 26 publications

Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications

Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis

Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae Identification by Pherotype: a Method To Assist Understanding of a Potentially Emerging or Overlooked Pathogen

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