Infective endocarditis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A report of two cases and review of literature

Abstract

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is known for nosocomial habitat. Infective endocarditis due to this organism is rare and challenging because of resistance to multiple broad-spectrum antibiotic regimens. Early detection and appropriate antibiotic based on culture sensitivity reports are the key to its management. We report the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of two cases of infective endocarditis caused by S. maltophilia.

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia- A Rare Cause of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Only 43 cases have been reported worldwide till date. 4 To the best of our knowledge there are only two cases of S. maltophilia infective endocarditis reported from the Indian subcontinent so far and this is the 3 rd case overall. It is however the first case with two episodes of bacteremia reported from India.…”

“…13 Sulphamethoxazole -trimethoprin is considered as the agent of choice. 4 As it is a bacteriostatic drug, combination therapy is indicated to provide synergistic effect. 4 S.…”

“…4 As it is a bacteriostatic drug, combination therapy is indicated to provide synergistic effect. 4 S.…”

“…4 Complications like cardiac failure, cerebral vascular accidents and organic abscesses are seen in 70-80% of patients. 3,6,8 Prosthetic valves are involved in 51.1% of cases and surgery is required in 59.09% of patients having prosthetic valve S. maltophilia infective endocarditis.…”

“…Only 36.36 % patients of prosthetic valves infective endocarditis are cured without surgery. 4 The aortic valve was most frequently involved among prosthetic valves (50%). 4 Ours was a case of prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis with the possible risk factor being previous history of valve replacement.…”