Infective endocarditis caused by non‐typeable Haemophilus influenzae

Abstract

Key words infectious disease, infective endocarditis, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae.We report a previously healthy 5-year-old boy who developed infective endocarditis (IE) caused by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). He had congenital hydrocephalus but had no congenital heart disease and no history of recurrent or severe infections. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt had not been placed because his hydrocephalus was chronic and non-progressive with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. He was admitted to the hospital for fever (38.5°C) lasting 2 days, ear pain, and abdominal pain. Although physical examination revealed mild pharyngitis and tympanitis at the right side, neither heart murmur nor dental caries were shown. Laboratory data showed a high white blood-cell count (25 700/µL), markedly elevated levels of C-reactive protein (16.

Invasive non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae infection due to endometritis associated with adenomyosis

“…Although H. influenzae type b (Hib) is a notoriously virulent serotype of this species [ 4 ], the introduction of routine conjugate Hib vaccination led to a decrease in the number of cases of Hib infection [ 5 ]. Over the past decades, however, this decrease was paralleled by an increase in the frequency of non-typable H. influenzae (NTHi) infection, which now accounts for the majority of invasive H. influenzae infection cases [ 6 – 9 ].…”