Infective bulbar necrosis (heel-abscess) of sheep, a mixed infection with Fusiformis necrophorus and Corynebacterium pyogenes

Roberts, D. S.; Graham, N. P. H.; Egerton, J. R.; Parsonson, I. M.

doi:10.1016/0021-9975(68)90106-0

Cited by 34 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The mean death rate in ewes lambing on pastures of less than 5 cm was 3.6%, whereas for ewes lambing on pastures greater than 5 cm in height, the mean death rate was 4.7%. This is consistent with more abundant pasture providing a moist environment, leading to ovine interdigital dermatitis, which predisposes sheep to foot abscess 10–12 . There was also a significant difference in mortality rates between maiden ewes and mature ewes (at 3.3% and 4.0% per annum, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

A survey of ewe mortality on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales in 2010, a year of above‐average rainfall

Watt

Eppleston

Dhand³

2021

Aust Veterinary J

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Background Sheep producers reported elevated ewe mortality following a wetter‐than‐average season on the tablelands of New South Wales in 2010. We conducted a survey of local producers to determine the extent and cause of ewe losses, as well as associated risk factors. Methods A questionnaire was designed and posted to sheep producers running at least 1000 sheep. Data from questionnaires were analysed using linear mixed models to identify risk factors associated with ewe mortality. Data on the likely causes of deaths, particularly those associated with foot abscess, were analysed by ordinal generalised linear mixed models to determine the most prevalent causes of ewe death. Results The mean annual ewe mortality was 5.4% (range 0.1%–28.6%). Higher mortality was associated with older ewes and lambing in paddocks with longer pastures. The two most important causes of ewe death reported by farmers were ‘died during lambing’ and ‘foot abscess’. Mortality due to foot abscess was more commonly reported in adult ewes than maiden ewes (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 5.61; 3.52, 8.94), when lambing on pasture longer than 5 cm than ≤5 cm (2.96; 1.54, 5.70) and when lambing in spring than in autumn (4.87; 1.36, 17.41). Conclusions The level of ewe mortality observed was at the upper end of that reported previously in Australia. Risk factor analysis suggested that, in wet years, losses due to foot abscess could be reduced by lambing older heavier ewes in autumn on pasture swards less than 5 cm high.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

A survey of ewe mortality on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales in 2010, a year of above‐average rainfall

Watt

Eppleston

Dhand³

2021

Aust Veterinary J

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“…In addition, biologically-active lipopolysaccharide produce Fusobacteria, leukocidin, and hemolysin which inhibit chemotaxis of leukocytes and lyse phagocytes [43], explaining the increased infectiveness of strains of Fusobacteria producing these exoenzymes [44].…”

Section: Exoenzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria, toxins, and the peritoneum

T¹

1990

World j. surg.

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Intraperitoneal infections are caused by members of the gastrointestinal flora, mainly Escherichia coli, enterococci, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Bacteroides, anaerobic cocci, Clostridia, and Fusobacteria. The Gram-negative aerobic bacteria exert their pathogenic potential mainly through endotoxin which acts by way of mediators, causing systemic septic response and, initially, the local response of the peritoneal cavity. The main virulence factors of anaerobic bacteria are exoenzymes and capsular polysaccharides. Peritoneal infections are truly synergistic infections. The most important synergistic mechanisms are protection against host defense and creation of a suitable environment by one member of the flora for another. Aside from bacteria, certain adjuvant substances, i.e., bile, gastric juice, blood, and necrotic tissue, play a role in the pathogenesis of peritonitis. The peritoneum deals with an infection in 3 ways: first, the direct absorption of bacteria into the lymphatics via the stoma of the diaphragmatic peritoneum; second, the local destruction of bacteria through phagocytosis by either resident macrophages or polymorphonuclear granulocytes attracted to the peritoneal cavity; and third, the localization of the infection in the form of an abscess.

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“…A.pyogenes, recently transferred from genus Corynebacterium to genus Actinomyces (5,17) is well known as causative agent of bovine "summer mastitis" and has also been frequently isolated from purulent lesions mainly from sheep, goats and pigs (3,9,15,18,20,21,22). It has also been reported as pathogen in human diseases, particularly in acute pharyngitis, septicemia and cutaneous lesions (2, 4, 8, 16, 23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the API Coryne Test System for Identification of Actinomyces pyogenes

Ding

Lämmler

1992

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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The present study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of the API Coryne test system for identification of Actinomyces pyogenes. The test system correctly identified 36 of 42 A.pyogenes and 4 of 5 comparatively studied Arcunobacterzum huemolyticum-cultures. The biochemical profiles of the remaining 6 A.pyogenes-and 1 A. huemo[yticum-cultures were not included in the analytical profile index. None of the cultures were misidentified. According to the API database (ATB Plus V 1.5.4.) the unidentified cultures could be correctly identified as A.pyogenes and A. huemolyticurn respectively. A greater repertoire of A.pyogenes specific biochemical profiles incorporated into the analytical profile index would improve the applicability of this test system for veterinary diagnostics. 22. SPIRENSEN, G. H., 1978: Studies on the occurrence of Peptococcus indolicus and Corynebacterium pyogenes in abscesses in swine, and on the occurrence of Pc. indolicus in apparently normal skin and mucous membranes of piglets. Nord. Veterinaermed. 30, 282-285. 23. VEGA, L. E., and T. L. GAVAN, 1970: Corynebacteriumpyogenesa pathogen in man. Report of a case. Cleve. Clin. Q. 37, 207-214. 37, 593-600.

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Infective bulbar necrosis (heel-abscess) of sheep, a mixed infection with Fusiformis necrophorus and Corynebacterium pyogenes

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

A survey of ewe mortality on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales in 2010, a year of above‐average rainfall

A survey of ewe mortality on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales in 2010, a year of above‐average rainfall

Bacteria, toxins, and the peritoneum

Evaluation of the API Coryne Test System for Identification of Actinomyces pyogenes

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