“…A wide variety of processes and methods are included in IR. [1] On the one hand, endovenous laser ablation, radiofrequency endovascular ablation, inferior vena cava filter implantation, central venous access, and sclerotherapy are endovenous interventional radiology treatments that can be used to treat lower extremity venous insufficiency. Endoarterial interventional radiology procedures (EAIRPs) include diagnostic angiography, angioplasty, thrombolysis, arterial closure device placement, stent placement, end-graft placement, embolization and chemoembolization, uterine artery embolization, and Tran's jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, among others.…”