Infectious causes of acute pancreatitis: A systematic review

A Case Report on Acute Pancreatitis in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia

“…Drug-induced pancreatitis has not been reported with either ivermectin or favipiravir. Infections with viruses, helminths, and protozoa are known to cause pancreatitis, and viral infections such as those from hepatitis viruses, Coxsackie viruses, Echoviruses , mumps virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Varicella Zoster virus, and influenza virus (H1N1) are the most common infectious cause (65% cases) of acute pancreatitis [ 10 ].…”

Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection-Attributed Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…To better discern the relationship between AP and COVID-19, we performed a review of PubMed and EMBASE databases for any published cases of COVID-19-attributed AP in adults since December 2019 as defined by their reporting authors. We then analyzed these cases to identify whether they met the definition of virus-attributed AP by Imam et al, in addition to the patients' clinical characteristics and outcomes [27]. (2) Was the diagnosis correctly made?…”

“…Viral affinity to the pancreatic ACE-2 receptors and their activation have been proposed as a possible pathophysiological mechanism for COVID-19-attributed AP [ 2 , 26 ]. Other mechanisms including direct intra-acinar cellular replication similar to that resulting from hepatitis viruses are also possible [ 27 ].…”

“…Virus-attributed AP has been defined as the occurrence of AP as defined by the Revised Atlanta Classification (RAC), a temporal association with the implicated viral infection, and an exclusion of common etiologies of AP (biliary, alcohol, medication-induced, and metabolic causes) [ 27 ]. This definition is met by our reported case attributing AP to COVID-19.…”

COVID-19: Abdominal and Pelvic Imaging Findings: A Primer for Radiologists

“…Although infectious pancreatitis is infrequent, the largest number of incidents are caused by viruses, including hepatotropic viruses, mumps, cytomegalovirus, coxsackie B virus, HIV, varicella-zoster, and influenza A. 23 Recent analyses have revealed that ACE2 was expressed in both the pancreas and the lungs, with a slightly higher incidence in the pancreas. This indicates that it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2 in the pancreas and causes pancreatic injury as a result of direct viral infection.…”