Infectious Causation of Abnormal Host Behavior: Toxoplasma gondii and Its Potential Association With Dopey Fox Syndrome

Milne, Gregory; Fujimoto, Chelsea; Bean, Theodor; Peters, Harry J; Hemmington, Martin; Taylor, Charly; Fowkes, Robert C.; Martineau, Henny; Hamilton, C. M.; Walker, Martin; Mitchell, Judy A.; Léger, Elsa; Priestnall, Simon L.; Webster, Joanne P.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.513536

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…For example, serological testing of schizophrenic patients and matched controls showed that schizophrenic patients more often had IgG antibodies to various coinfecting agents, including T. gondii but also Chlamydia trachomatis, human herpesvirus-6, and measles virus [37,38]. In agreement with these findings, our recent research has shown that UK foxes housed in sanctuaries with aberrant behaviours indicative of neuropsychiatric impairment have a higher prevalence of T. gondii/vulpine Circovirus (FoxCV) coinfections relative to wild foxes [64]. Thus, T. gondii infection and its interaction with other coinfecting neurotropic pathogens may be a factor contributing to the aetiology of human neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.…”

Section: And Endocrine Dysregulation Have Roles To Play In the Behavioural Changes Associated With T Gondii Infectionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Toxoplasma gondii: An Underestimated Threat?

Milne

Webster

Walker

2020

Trends in Parasitology

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Traditionally, the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has been thought of as relevant to public health primarily within the context of congenital toxoplasmosis or postnatally acquired disease in immunocompromised patients. However, latent T. gondii infection has been increasingly associated with a wide variety of neuropsychiatric disorders and, more recently, causal frameworks for these epidemiological associations have been proposed. We present assimilated evidence on the associations between T. gondii and various human neuropsychiatric disorders and outline how these may be explained within a unifying causal framework. We argue that the occult effects of latent T. gondii infection likely outweigh the recognised overt morbidity caused by toxoplasmosis, substantially raising the public health importance of this parasite. Toxoplasmosis: Malaria's Neglected Cousin HighlightsAccumulating evidence suggests that latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii is associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric and behavioural conditions.

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Section: And Endocrine Dysregulation Have Roles To Play In the Behavioural Changes Associated With T Gondii Infectionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Toxoplasma gondii: An Underestimated Threat?

Milne

Webster

Walker

2020

Trends in Parasitology

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123

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“…TGF-β1 was higher in females with anti-Toxoplasma antibody (Abdulkhaliq1, Mohammed2 and Abbas3, 2018). A higher level of TGF-β in a pregnant female with abortion, corresponded with normal pregnant women [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Study Levels of PDL-1, IL-10 and TGF-β in Patients with Toxoplasmosis

Ali¹,

Hamza²

2021

IJBBMB

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Toxoplasma.gondii is a protozoan eukaryotic parasite that can enter the body host as an obligate intracellular parasite and causes toxoplasmosis infection, it has the ability to cause latent infection in the host tissue such as cardiac muscle, skeletal muscles, or the central nervous system Aim of study: Determine the relationship between the parasitic infection of T. gondii and Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), TGF-ß and IL-10 during abortion. Materials/Methods: One hundred consecutive samples after abortion were collected. The placental tissue samples were put in formalin for immunohistochemistry technique.Result the result of this study reveals that Residence did not have a relation with the presence or absence of Toxoplasmosis (P>0.05), age was significantly different between Toxoplasmosis groups (P<0.05), Number of abortions was not significantly different between the Toxoplasmosis group (P>0.05), PDL-1, IL-10, and TGF-β levels and their relationship during infection is significant (P<0.05). Conclusion the PDL-1, IL-10, and TGF-β levels could be a candidate as a biomarker for the pathological effect of Toxoplasma.gondiin during pregnancy.

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“…Tachyzoites is asexual (fast-growing form), tachy means fast in greek was first named by Frenkel describing the rapidly growing stage of T.gondii which formed after ingestion of oocyst by mammalian, also known trophozoite "tachyzoites" (fast-growing form) [24].…”

Section: Tachyzoitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical study of TGF-β, PDL-1, and IL-10 in patients with Toxoplasma gondii

Alsailawi¹,

Ayat²,

Mudhafar³

et al. 2022

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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The aim of this study to evaluate the expression of Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), TGF- ß, and IL-10 in placental tissue of aborted women and the correlation with Toxoplasma.gondii (T. gondii) and the correlation of these cytokines with each other and with toxoplasmosis, during an abortion. The placental tissue samples have been processed and used for immunohistochemistry to study the expression of PDL-1, IL-10, and TGF-β. There was an increase in expression of TGF-β, PDL-1, and IL-10 in the placental tissue of aborted women infected with T.gondii, The results of the study showed that the residence of pregnant women in an urban area or rural has no relation with Toxoplasmosis infection (P>0.05), Age shows a significant correlation with Toxoplasmosis, the risk of infection increased with age (P<0.05). The number of recurrent abortions has no significant correlation effect in toxoplasmosis infection and abortion between the positive and control groups (P>0.05), Placental expression of PDL-1, IL-10, and TGF-β show significant correlation during infection with toxoplasmosis (P<0.05).

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Infectious Causation of Abnormal Host Behavior: Toxoplasma gondii and Its Potential Association With Dopey Fox Syndrome

Cited by 13 publications

References 93 publications

Toxoplasma gondii: An Underestimated Threat?

Toxoplasma gondii: An Underestimated Threat?

Study Levels of PDL-1, IL-10 and TGF-β in Patients with Toxoplasmosis

Immunohistochemical study of TGF-β, PDL-1, and IL-10 in patients with Toxoplasma gondii

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