Infectious Bovine Mastitis Caused by Environmental Organisms

Costa, Elizabeth Oliveira da; Ribeiro, A. R.; Watanabe, Eliana Tamaki; Melville, Priscilla Anne

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1998.tb00768.x

Cited by 57 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As the diet of dairy cattle is based on feed of plant origin, the algae may be a transient flora in the gastrointestinal tract of cows and as such are excreted intact (17). As a consequence of recent global climate changes, high temperatures, often combined with high humidity, enhance the multiplication of the algae in the environment (4,7,13,31). P. zopfii is a unicellular alga that reproduces asexually by formation of 2-16 daughter cells (endospores) inside the mother cell (sporangia) (25).…”

Section: Common Habitats Of P Zopfii and The Potential Source Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mastitis associated with Prototheca zopfii - an emerging health and economic problem on dairy farms

Milanov

Polaček

Suvajdžić

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Increased incidence of protothecal mastitis has been recorded in several countries in the past ten years. The main goal of this article is to draw the attention of scientific and professional community to the emerging issue of mammary protothecosis. The article collates currently known facts about infection reservoirs, predisposing factors for the development of mastitis, clinical manifestations of the disease, and potential transmission routes within the herd as well as the measures for control and eradication. We would like to point out that identification of protothecal mastitis on a dairy farm is associated with a range of problems. Early detection of infected animals can be difficult because of predominantly subclinical course of early-stage infection, which easily spreads between cows via the milking system. Spontaneous recovery has not been recorded and infected cows typically develop chronic mastitis with granulomatous infiltration and progressive loss of functional parenchyma of the mammary gland. Substantial economic losses and health damages associated with mammary protothecosis strongly emphasise the need for developing effective prevention strategies aimed at control of the infection.

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Section: Common Habitats Of P Zopfii and The Potential Source Of Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Serbia, protothecal mastitis has been first diagnosed in 2006 on a Holstein-Friesian dairy farm in Vojvodina (20). Isolation of P. blaschkeae and P. wickerhamii has also been reported; however, the organisms are considered rare causal agents of bovine mastitis (7,14,29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mastitis associated with Prototheca zopfii - an emerging health and economic problem on dairy farms

Milanov

Polaček

Suvajdžić

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…Later, a total of 20,310 quarters from 5.216 cattle were submitted to microbiological culture for diagnosis of mastitis and, from these, Nocardia sp. represented 6.6% of the isolates 22 . Similar study evolving etiology of bovine mastitis evaluated 91 lactating and 47 dry cows, and revealed Nocardia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardiosis: an overview and additional report of 28 cases in cattle and dogs

Ribeiro

Salerno

Mattos‐Guaraldi

et al. 2008

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYPhenotypic characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and clinical-epidemiological features of 28 Nocardia strains isolated from 19 cases of bovine mastitis, eight cutaneous-subcutaneous lesions and one case of pneumonia in dogs were evaluated. Microbiological, biochemical, cytological and scanning electron microscopy methods were used in diagnosis. Nocardia asteroides type IV, Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, Nocardia nova (type III) and Nocardia farcinica (type V) were isolated from bovine milk, bronchial lavage and/or cutaneous-subcutaneous abscesses in dogs. Nocardial bovine mastitis was diagnosed predominantly in clinical cases, in dairy herds with poor environmental hygienic conditions between milking and inappropriate intramammary therapy. Canine nocardiosis was observed commonly in animals co-infected with distemper virus. Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (92.8%), amikacin (92.8%) and ceftiofur (92.8%) were the most effective drugs in 28 isolates. Multiple drug resistance to three or more and five or more antimicrobials was observed in ten (35.7%) and three (10.7%) strains, respectively, predominantly with use of cloxaxillin, cefoperazone and ampicillin. The species (type) classification, clinical-epidemiological characteristics, diagnosis, multiple drug resistance and public health considerations in Nocardia strains isolated from cattle and dogs in Brazil are discussed, with special reference to report of bovine mastitis by N. otitidiscaviarum by first time in Brazil and the similarity between Nocardia species isolated from human and animal origin.

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“…Recomenda-se, também, a adoção de medidas gerais de controle e profilaxia nas propriedades, voltadas para microrganismos ambientais envolvidos na mastite, quais sejam: realização de pré-dipping, retirada periódica de matéria orgânica e sujidades do ambiente da pré e pós-ordenha, limpeza dos equipamentos de ordenha, oferecimento de alimentos na pós-ordenha e cloração da água utilizada na sala de ordenha (Fernandes et al, 2009). A secagem abrupta dos animais e a adoção da terapia da vaca seca também são recomendadas em rebanhos com grande número de animais acometidos (Costa et al, 1998(Costa et al, , 2000Radostits et al, 2007).…”

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