Infectious and Medical Waste Management

Reinhardt, Peter A.; Gordon, Judith G.

doi:10.1201/9781351073530

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…According to the recent literature, MW is classified according to materials use and the waste disposal practices [25]. According to Reinhardt and Gordon [58], infectious waste, which is suspected in many cases to contain a sufficient concentration of pathogens that cause sickness in vulnerable hosts, constitutes another class that contains various materials or instruments that have been related to infected people or animals, infected animals essentially from laboratories, MW that has been related to infected patients, in many cases undergoing hemodialysis, infected patients MW in isolation districts, MW from autopsies and surgery on patients with the presence of infectious diseases, and stocks and cultures of infectious agents from laboratory work.…”

Section: Medical Waste Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Waste Treatment Technologies for Energy, Fuels, and Materials Production: A Review

2021

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The importance of medical waste management has grown during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the increase in medical waste quantity and the significant dangers of these highly infected wastes for human health and the environment. This innovative review focuses on the possibility of materials, gas/liquid/solid fuels, thermal energy, and electric power production from medical waste fractions. Appropriate and promising treatment/disposal technologies, such as (i) acid hydrolysis, (ii) acid/enzymatic hydrolysis, (iii) anaerobic digestion, (vi) autoclaving, (v) enzymatic oxidation, (vi) hydrothermal carbonization/treatment, (vii) incineration/steam heat recovery system, (viii) pyrolysis/Rankine cycle, (ix) rotary kiln treatment, (x) microwave/steam sterilization, (xi) plasma gasification/melting, (xii) sulfonation, (xiii) batch reactor thermal cracking, and (xiv) torrefaction, were investigated. The medical waste generation data were collected according to numerous researchers from various countries, and divided into gross medical waste and hazardous medical waste. Moreover, the medical wastes were separated into categories and types according to the international literature and the medical waste fractions’ percentages were estimated. The capability of the examined medical waste treatment technologies to produce energy, fuels, and materials, and eliminate the medical waste management problem, was very promising with regard to the near future.

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Section: Medical Waste Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Waste Treatment Technologies for Energy, Fuels, and Materials Production: A Review

2021

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“…Limbah kimia, limbah beracun, dan limbah infeksius merupakan bagian dari limbah padat yang dapat mengancam kesehatan manusia maupun lingkungan. p-ISSN : 2528-3561 e-ISSN : Komposisi limbah padat menurut US-EPA terdiri dari limbah padat medis 22%, limbah farmasi 1% dan limbah domestik 77% [14].…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengelolaan Limbah B3 Di Rumah Sakit X Kota Batam

Siddik

Wardhani

2019

JSE

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<p>Hospital X was class b private hospitals that are located in Batam with 297 unit beds. The waste that can be categorized as solid waste medical in the hospital which is infectious, pharmacy, hazardous and toxic waste, cytotoxic, sharp object. The purpose of this research is to identify, a source of , the characteristics, solid waste medical produced by hospital X in Batam and also conduct an evaluation of solid waste medical management hospital in accordance with the minister of environment and forestry 56 2015 on procedures and technical requirements of hazardous and toxic waste management than health service facilities. This research used primary and secondary data collection method. The research results show solid waste medical management at the hospital X in Batam most of them are in according to rule. But there are some things that must be improved are blinding trash bag, efficiency and minimal temparature the combustion chamber incinerator. Management efforts must to do are briefing to officer of the waste collection about the way to blinding trash bag in according to the regulation and the incinerator that can serve confirming to standard of burning hazardous and toxic waste. <strong></strong></p>

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“…However, incineration is known to be the best available option for treating clinical waste [9] . A proper operation of the incinerator is essential to ensure complete destruction of the waste [10] . Generation of hazardous materials in the incineration process is dependent on the waste type, waste feed rate, incinerator operation, and air pollution control (APC) equipment type and operation [11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the incinerator to prevent the emission of toxic air pollutant in biomedical waste incineration process at Base Hospital Udugama

Fernando,

Somarathne,

Dineshi

et al. 2024

Sri Lankan J Med Admin

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Background: Medical waste incinerators emit toxic air pollutants and toxic ash residues that are the major sources of dioxins and furan. However, Incineration is the best available option for treating clinical waste. The harm can be minimized by designing an incinerator according to the composition of components of the clinical waste generated at the hospital. The incinerator at Base Hospital Udugama has been emitting polluted air causing environmental pollution.Objective: To identify the cause of emitting polluted air and modify the incinerator to prevent environmental pollution.Methods: A survey was conducted on similar incinerators in other institutions to see the efficiency and working conditions and followed an audit to identify the composition of the clinical waste generated in the hospital setting. The incinerator was modified according to the composition of waste to tolerate high calorific value.Results: Survey proved that all other similar incinerators emit polluted air during the incinerating process. The audit showed the rubber and plastic composition of waste is around 50% against the recommended value of 10%. The existing machine was modified to tolerate high volumes of rubber and plastic by increasing the calorific value.Conclusion: Existing incinerator at BH. Udugama emits polluted air due to the incompatible composition of clinical waste with the machine specification. This can be prevented by modifying the incinerator by increasing the Calorific value.Recommendations: It is recommended to re-evaluate the existing incinerators and modify them up to the standard to prevent environmental harm considering 50% of rubber and plastics in clinical waste.

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Infectious and Medical Waste Management

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Medical Waste Treatment Technologies for Energy, Fuels, and Materials Production: A Review

Medical Waste Treatment Technologies for Energy, Fuels, and Materials Production: A Review

Pengelolaan Limbah B3 Di Rumah Sakit X Kota Batam

Modification of the incinerator to prevent the emission of toxic air pollutant in biomedical waste incineration process at Base Hospital Udugama

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