Infections with long latency in international refugees, immigrants, and migrants seen at GeoSentinel sites, 2016–2018

Barnett, Elizabeth D.; Wheelock, Alyse B.; MacLeod, William B.; McCarthy, Anne E.; Walker, Patricia F.; Coyle, Christina M.; Greenaway, Christina A.; Castelli, Francesco; López-Vélez, Rogelio; Gobbi, Federico G.; Trigo, Elena; Grobusch, Martin P.; Gautret, Philippe; Hamer, Davidson H.; Kuhn, Susan; Stauffer, William M.

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102653

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The majority of data on CD in Europe come from Spain, which has been the main destination for Latin American migration to Europe in the last decade [ 16 , 20 ]. In a recent study, the estimated seroprevalence among Latin American migrants (2010–2018) was 2.1%, with Bolivian migrants representing more than half of cases [ 2 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chagas Disease in Europe

Gonzalez-Sanz,

Crespillo-Andújar,

Chamorro-Tojeiro

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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Chagas disease is currently present in many non-endemic countries and remains a neglected tropical disease globally. A review of the literature identified significant gaps and scarcity of updated information from European countries, with most studies reporting data from Spain and Italy. The index of underdiagnosis may be as high as 70%, affecting mainly females of child-bearing age. Standardized screening of fertile, non-pregnant, women from endemic countries and subsequent treatment is considered an essential strategy to control transmission and prevent new cases, yet no uniform legislation for screening risk groups exists. There is heterogeneity in Europe in terms of preventive strategies to avoid transfusion-related transmission of Chagas disease, not necessarily in line with the European directives, with some countries conducting systematic screening for T. cruzi infection in blood donors, whilst others rely on pre-transfusion questionnaires. The growing burden of the infection in resource-rich areas may provide an opportunity for progress in certain aspects of control and prevention. Options for improving screening strategies, management and linkage to care are reviewed.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chagas Disease in Europe

Gonzalez-Sanz,

Crespillo-Andújar,

Chamorro-Tojeiro

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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Trends in imported infections among migrants and travellers to Spain: a decade of analysis through the +Redivi network (2012–2022)

Alkaissy,

Serre-Delcor,

Vicente

et al. 2024

Journal of Travel Medicine

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Background High-speed global travel, increased trade, world population growth, migration, urbanisation and climate change have favoured the emergence and spread of pathogens. We aimed to analyse the evolution of imported infections in Spain during 2012–2022 and the potential impact of some of the abovementioned factors on differential morbidity patterns. Methods In this retrospective study (January/2012 to December/2022), we analysed data collected by the +Redivi network across 25 health centres. The network’s standardised database records new cases of imported infections, including patient demographics, travel history, pre-travel advice and diagnostic information. To assess outcome rates over time and potential interactions, we constructed penalised weighted models to reduce the bias related to a low event rate and used weighted logistic regression for morbidity outcomes. Results We recorded 25 632 episodes, comprising 13 913 migrants, 4047 visiting friends and relatives (VFR) immigrants, 392 VFR travellers and 7280 travellers. Most immigrants came from South America (48.3%), Sub-Saharan Africa (28.5%), North Africa (6.6%), South Central Asia (5.4%) and Central America/Caribbean (5.3%). The most common regions visited by travellers were Sub-Saharan Africa (33.5%), South America (24.5%), Central America/Caribbean (13.5%), Southeast Asia (12%) and South Central Asia (10%). The proportion of diagnoses of malaria, strongyloidiasis and unspecified self-limiting febrile syndrome < 3 weeks remained unchanged during the study period. An increased frequency of diagnosis was reported for schistosomiasis, blastocystosis, giardiasis, dengue, diarrhoea, new cases of HIV, latent and pulmonary tuberculosis; a decrease was reported for syphilis, chikungunya fever, Chagas disease and eosinophilia. We detected interactions between time and sex or type of participant across the different diagnoses. Conclusions Our study underscores the importance of epidemiological data in understanding infectious diseases dynamics among travellers and migrants, emphasising how demographic shifts, migration trends and healthcare policies affect disease profiles. Comprehensive data play an essential role in enhancing public health policies and travel advice.

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Infections with long latency in international refugees, immigrants, and migrants seen at GeoSentinel sites, 2016–2018

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Chagas Disease in Europe

Chagas Disease in Europe

Trends in imported infections among migrants and travellers to Spain: a decade of analysis through the +Redivi network (2012–2022)

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