Infections nosocomiales dans un service de brûlés. Résultats d'une enquête prospective d'un an

Nosocomial Infections in a Morocco Burn Unit

“…These results come closer relatively to those carried out by Cremer's works [6] and Taylor's [7] where skin infections are the most frequently encountered with higher incidences compared to other studies. Despite the ineluctable character of contamination of the brunt skin and its high risk of infection, we obtained relatively high incidences, occurrences, accounted for by our local management (Flammazine ® ), which is identical to the one of Cremer's team [6], and different from the one of Taylor's team [7] who called for balneotherapy only after cutaneous covering. The weak incidence of the skin infections found by Wurtz [5] (3% of nosocomial infections) is due to the common practice of precocious excision graft.…”

“…The existence of an eight-day delay (the usual golden days) from the burning to the infection was already evoked in 1993 [12] [13]. Our study found an identical delay for the supervention of the first nosocomial infection and the first nosocomial infections, site by site, as in Cremer's study [6]. The mean delay, very short [13] days, between the first nosocomial infection and the second witnesses that there is a context of multi-infections more than precocious recurrences.…”

“…In fact, our findings are comparable with and similar to those of Weber's team [8]; 15% of the nosocomial infections. The incidence of urinary infections in our study is certainly due to, on one hand, the proportion of the patients with urinary catheter (45%) and on the other hand, to the long period of urinary catheterization; 26 days in average April 2015 | Volume 2 | e1394 versus 20 days in the study of Cremer's team [6]. Taylor's and Cremer's studies found incidences higher to ours but these authors did not precise the duration of urinary catheterization.…”

“…Hydrotherapy is a risk to infect the non infected burnt zones. Cremer's team [6], also found that a majority of Pseudomonas aeruginosas using precocious balneotherapy. The reduction of the burnt patient's baths by the use of bandage in bed discards this emergency and we launch this procedure in our department.…”