Infections in Liver Disease

Nanchal, Rahul; Ahmad, Shahryar

doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2016.03.006

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Bacterial infections are common in patients with liver disease both before and after liver transplant (LT) and remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in both populations . Patients with cirrhosis who acquire bacterial infections are 4‐5 times more likely to die than those who remain infection‐free, and these patients face higher rates of hepatic encephalopathy and renal failure . About one‐third of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis have an infection on admission, and 40% of infections in cirrhotic patients are acquired during hospitalization .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with cirrhosis who acquire bacterial infections are 4‐5 times more likely to die than those who remain infection‐free, and these patients face higher rates of hepatic encephalopathy and renal failure . About one‐third of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis have an infection on admission, and 40% of infections in cirrhotic patients are acquired during hospitalization . Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and urinary tract infection (UTI) are the most common infections in the pre‐LT population, accounting for 25%‐40% and 20%‐35% of infections, respectively .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About one‐third of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis have an infection on admission, and 40% of infections in cirrhotic patients are acquired during hospitalization . Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and urinary tract infection (UTI) are the most common infections in the pre‐LT population, accounting for 25%‐40% and 20%‐35% of infections, respectively . Respiratory infections and C difficile are also common in hospitalized patients with liver disease …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and urinary tract infection (UTI) are the most common infections in the pre‐LT population, accounting for 25%‐40% and 20%‐35% of infections, respectively . Respiratory infections and C difficile are also common in hospitalized patients with liver disease …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre‐ and post‐transplant bacterial infections in liver transplant recipients

Heldman

Ngo²,

Dorschner

et al. 2019

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Background Early (<1 month) bacterial infection after liver transplant is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among liver transplant recipients. We investigated the impact of pre‐transplant bacterial infection on early post‐transplant bacterial infection incidence and outcomes. Methods A retrospective cohort study identified all patients who underwent liver transplantation between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2012, at a single tertiary center in the United States. Infections occurring within the 30 days prior to transplant and within the 30 following transplant were identified. Information regarding pre‐transplant morbidity and post‐transplant outcomes was collected. Results One‐hundred seventy‐four patients were included in the study. Forty patients (23%) experienced a total of 50 pre‐transplant infections. Fifty‐two (30%) developed a total of 62 post‐transplant infections. Patients with a pre‐transplant infection were more likely to develop a post‐transplant infection compared to patients without a pre‐transplant infection (48% [19 of 40] vs. 25% [33 of 134], respectively, P = .006). Patients with a pre‐transplant infection had a longer mean post‐transplant length of stay compared to those without a pre‐transplant infection (16.3 days vs. 10.4 days, respectively, P < .001), but survival at 30 days was similar in both groups (95% [38 of 40] vs. 97% [130 of 134, respectively, P = .56). Conclusions Among liver transplant recipients, pre‐transplant infection is an important risk factor for early post‐transplant bacterial infections. Pre‐transplant infection is associated with increased early morbidity but not mortality after transplant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pre‐ and post‐transplant bacterial infections in liver transplant recipients

Heldman

Ngo²,

Dorschner

et al. 2019

Transplant Infectious Dis

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“…Sepsis will develop into MODS on the basis of SIRS, liver injury is the important factor causing illness development and change in the process, and protecting the liver damage caused by sepsis is key link to prevent MODA [9][10]. In the research, the cecal ligation and puncture was adopted to establish the rat models with sepsis, and the analysis of serum liver injury molecule levels in model rats with sepsis showed that serum ALT and AST levels of CLP group were significantly higher than those of Sham group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on EPO treatment of model rats with infection-induced acute liver injury

Yangshu

Cheng

2017

JAD

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Fungal urinary tract infection among chronic liver disease patients with hepatic encephalopathy and its treatment outcomes

Kamani

Kalwar

2020

JGH Open

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Background and AimPatients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at high risk of infections, including fungal pathogens, which can lead to hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and increased mortality. Our aim is to evaluate the frequency and outcome of fungal urinary tract infections (FUTIs) in hospitalized patients with CLD and HE.MethodsThis was a descriptive case series study using the nonprobability consecutive sampling technique, conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. All patients above 18 years of age who were admitted with HE and CLD were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Baseline laboratory investigation, urine detail report (UDR), and culture were sent on the day of admission. Fluconazole was started if the UDR reported yeast positivity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.ResultsA total of 236 patients were enrolled in this study. Mean age was 53.42 ± 5.567 years, and 95 (40.3%) were male. Urinary symptoms were present in 72 (30.5%) patients. Yeast positivity on UDR was present in 156 (66.1%), and 141 of 156 (90.3%) patients had urine culture positivity for fungal pathogen. A total of 55 patients died—36 (65.5%) in the FUTI group and 19 (34.5%) in the nonfungal UTI (NFUTI) group (P = 0.908). Candida albicans was the most common organism, present in 70 of 141 (49.6%) of patients. Predictors of mortality were renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, leukopenia, and advanced cirrhosis.ConclusionFUTI in CLD patients with HE is common in hospitalized patients even without symptoms, and a high index of suspicion is required. Candida albicans was the most common organism. Prompt recognition and treatment can improve overall outcome.

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Infections in Liver Disease

Cited by 25 publications

References 64 publications

Pre‐ and post‐transplant bacterial infections in liver transplant recipients

Pre‐ and post‐transplant bacterial infections in liver transplant recipients

Experimental study on EPO treatment of model rats with infection-induced acute liver injury

Fungal urinary tract infection among chronic liver disease patients with hepatic encephalopathy and its treatment outcomes

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