Infections in Alcoholic Hepatitis

Kaur, Baljit; Rosenblatt, Russell; Sundaram, Vinay

doi:10.14218/jcth.2022.00024

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This patient’s comorbidities could explain his poor outcome. Both alcoholic hepatitis and hyperglycemic status are related to immunosuppression and poor outcome of infectious diseases [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningitis caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum suspected to be derived from a canal in Japan: a case report

Iwamoto

Yamamoto

et al. 2023

J Med Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The genus Chromobacterium, of which 12 species have been recognized, comprises bacteria that reside in tropical and subtropical environments. Of these species, Chromobacterium violaceum and Chromobacterium haemolyticum are known to cause infections in humans. There have been few reports of infections caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum. Case presentation Chromobacterium haemolyticum was detected in spinal fluid and blood samples isolated from a 73-year-old Japanese male patient who fell into a canal in Kyoto City, Japan and developed bacteremia and meningitis. Although meropenem and vancomycin were administered, this patient died 9 days after admission. Although the infection was misidentified as being caused by Chromobacterium violaceum by conventional identification methods, average nucleotide identity analysis revealed that the causative pathogen was Chromobacterium haemolyticum. The same bacteria were also detected in the canal in which the accident occurred. Phylogenetic analysis of the strain isolated from the patient and the strain isolated from the canal suggested that the two strains were very closely related. Conclusions Chromobacterium haemolyticum can be misidentified as Chromobacterium violaceum by conventional identification methods and tends to be more resistant to β-lactams than Chromobacterium violaceum. Pigment production and β-hemolysis on blood sheep agar can provide clues for the early identification of Chromobacterium haemolyticum.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningitis caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum suspected to be derived from a canal in Japan: a case report

Iwamoto

Yamamoto

et al. 2023

J Med Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Patients with SAH have an impaired immune state predisposing them to both bacterial and fungal infections, and the use of corticosteroids further increases this risk. As infections are associated with significant 90-day mortality of up to 40%, a high index of suspicion is warranted in SAH patients, especially since typical symptoms of infections such as a fever or high leukocyte count are often present in SAH patients, making it difficult to distinguish from an active infection 12,24 . Although there is no role for antimicrobial prophylaxis among SAH patients, a history of recent spontaneous bacterial infections is an indication for antibiotic prophylaxis.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Patients After Treatment of Severe Alcohol-associated Hepatitis

Shetty,

Ibrahim,

Eskander

et al. 2023

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alcohol-associated liver disease is the leading indication for hospitalization among patients with chronic liver disease. Rates of hospitalization for alcohol-associated hepatitis have been rising over the last 2 decades. Patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis carry significant morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of standardized postdischarge management strategies to care for this challenging group of patients. Patients warrant management of not only their liver disease but also their alcohol use disorder. In this review, we will discuss outpatient management strategies for patients who were recently hospitalized and discharged for alcohol-associated hepatitis. We will discuss short management of their liver disease, long-term follow-up, and review-available treatment options for alcohol use disorder and challenges associated with pursuing treatment for alcohol use disorder.

show abstract

“…It is, therefore, important to recognize and treat infections appropriately to improve outcomes in such patients. 4 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections in Patients with Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Retrospective Study

Jain

2023

Journal of Gastrointestinal Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is the severest type of alcohol-related liver disease and is fraught with risk of infectious complications. The present study was done to determine the frequency and types of infections noted in patients with SAH at baseline evaluation. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients with alcoholic hepatitis treated at our center between 2019 and 2022. Details of age, gender, baseline laboratory parameters, and clinical presentation were noted. All patients were screened for infections to ascertain the suitability for steroid use as per protocol. Diagnosis of infections was done as per the North American Consortium for the Study of End Stage Liver Disease (NACSELD) criteria. In culture-positive infections, the details of the microorganisms that were isolated and antibiotic susceptibility patterns were recorded. Results A total of 66 patients with SAH formed the study cohort (median age: 42 years; 100% males). The majority of them had underlying cirrhosis (33 [50%]) and 26 had acute-on-chronic liver failure. Twenty-eight (42.4%) cases had bacterial infections. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (10 [35.7%]) was the commonest infection, followed by urinary tract infection (8 [28.5%]), lower respiratory infections (7 [25%]), and skin infections (3 [10.7%]). Culture positivity was noted in 12 cases (42.9%). The commonest organism cultured was Escherichia coli (6 cases), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (cases). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections were noted in nine (13.6%) cases. Two patients had tuberculosis. Conclusion In all, 42.4% of patients with SAH had bacterial infections at baseline evaluation. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was the commonest infection. MDR bacterial infections were noted in nine cases (13.6%).

show abstract

Infections in Alcoholic Hepatitis

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Meningitis caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum suspected to be derived from a canal in Japan: a case report

Meningitis caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum suspected to be derived from a canal in Japan: a case report

Management of Patients After Treatment of Severe Alcohol-associated Hepatitis

Infections in Patients with Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Retrospective Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About