Infections and Multiple Sclerosis: From the World to Sardinia, From Sardinia to the World

Frau, Jessica; Coghe, Giancarlo; Lorefice, Lorena; Fenu, Giuseppe; Cocco, Eleonora

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.728677

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 81 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A marked media response was seen to the January 2022 issue of the journal Science wherein a report from a large database revealed a high prevalence of the EBV in association with multiple sclerosis (Bjornevik et al 2022 ). While the scope of the data mining was large, this revelation was not novel; paralleling the previous section on RA, identified multiple sclerosis-related microbial antigens come from EBV, MAP and HERVs (Frau et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Johne’s Disease—paratuberculosis Of Animalsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis zoonosis is a One Health emergency

Dow

Alvarez

2022

EcoHealth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A singular pathogen has been killing animals, contaminating food and causing an array of human diseases. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the cause of a fatal enteric infectious disease called Johne’s (Yo’-nees), a disorder mostly studied in ruminant animals. MAP is globally impacting animal health and imparting significant economic burden to animal agriculture. Confounding the management of Johne’s disease is that animals are typically infected as calves and while commonly not manifesting clinical disease for years, they shed MAP in their milk and feces in the interval. This has resulted in a “don’t test, don’t tell” scenario for the industry resulting in greater prevalence of Johne’s disease; furthermore, because MAP survives pasteurization, the contaminated food supply provides a source of exposure to humans. Indeed, greater than 90% of dairy herds in the US have MAP-infected animals within the herd. The same bacterium, MAP, is the putative cause of Crohn’s disease in humans. Countries historically isolated from importing/exporting ruminant animals and free of Johne’s disease subsequently acquired the disease as a consequence of opening trade with what proved to be infected animals. Crohn’s disease in those populations became a lagging indicator of MAP infection. Moreover, MAP is associated with an increasingly long list of human diseases. Despite MAP scientists entreating regulatory agencies to designate MAP a “zoonotic agent,” it has not been forthcoming. One Health is a global endeavor applying an integrative health initiative that includes the environment, animals and humans; One Health asserts that stressors affecting one affects all three. Recognizing the impact MAP has on animal and human health as well as on the environment, it is time for One Health, as well as other global regulatory agencies, to recognize that MAP is causing an insidious slow-motion tsunami of zoonosis and implement public health mitigation.

show abstract

Section: Johne’s Disease—paratuberculosis Of Animalsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis zoonosis is a One Health emergency

Dow

Alvarez

2022

EcoHealth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Mycobacterium avium ss. paratuberculosis and Human Disease: Bridging Infection and Autoimmunity

Dow

2024

Infection and Autoimmunity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Different HLA genotype pattern in patients with Multiple Sclerosis onset after COVID-19 vaccine.

Bianco,

Sante,

Colò

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Few cases of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) onset after COVID-19 vaccination have been reported, even though the evidence is insufficient to establish causality. The aim of this study is to compare cases of newly diagnosed MS before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination. Potential environmental and genetic predisposing factors were also investigated, as well as clinical patterns. Methods: This is a single-centre retrospective cohort study including all patients who presented with MS onset between January 2018 and July 2022. Data on COVID-19 vaccination administration, dose, and type were collected. HLA-DRB1 genotyping was performed in three subgroups. Results: 266 patients received a new diagnosis of MS in our centre, 143 before the COVID-19 pandemic (until and including March 2020) and 123 during COVID-19 era (from April 2020). The mean number of new MS onset per year was not different before and during COVID-19 era, as well as baseline patients’ characteristics, type of onset, clinical recovery, and radiological patterns. Fourteen (11.4%) patients who subsequently received a new diagnosis of MS had a history of COVID-19 vaccination within one month before symptoms onset. Patients’ characteristics, type of onset, clinical recovery, and radiological patterns do not differ from those of patients with non-vaccine-related new diagnosis of MS. The allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*15 were 17.6% and 22.2% in patients with not-vaccine-related disease onset before and during COVID-19 era respectively, while no case of HLA-DRB1*15 was identified among patients with a new diagnosis of MS post-COVID-19 vaccine. In contrast HLA-DRB1*08+ or HLA-DRB1*10+ MS patients were present only in this subgroup. Conclusions: Although a causal link between COVID-19 vaccination and MS cannot be detected, it is interesting to note and speculate about the peculiarities and heterogeneities underlying disease mechanisms of MS, where the interactions of genetic and environment could be crucial also for the follow up and the evaluation of therapeutic options.

show abstract

Infections and Multiple Sclerosis: From the World to Sardinia, From Sardinia to the World

Cited by 8 publications

References 81 publications

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis zoonosis is a One Health emergency

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis zoonosis is a One Health emergency

Mycobacterium avium ss. paratuberculosis and Human Disease: Bridging Infection and Autoimmunity

Different HLA genotype pattern in patients with Multiple Sclerosis onset after COVID-19 vaccine.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About