Infection of the Lower Part of the Genital Tract in Girls

Reichert, Johanna Louise; Epstein, I. M.; Jung, Ruth; Colwell, Charlotte A.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1937.01980030003001

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…Most of the studies reporting vaginal microbiome relied on conventional cultivation and microscopic examinations [15][16][17]. In the early 19th century, several studies attempted to explore the normal vaginal flora in children by cultivation methods before identification via microscopic observation and Gram staining [16,18,19]. With the improvement and introduction of enrichment culture media, a study by Gerstner and team used different sets of media to study aerobic and anaerobic microbes from vaginal swab samples (obtained during speculum examination) of prepubertal children (age range: 3 months to 16 years old; mean age: 9 years old) [15].…”

Section: The Development Of the Vaginal Microbiome: How Does It Change Throughout A Woman's Life?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding a Balance in the Vaginal Microbiome: How Do We Treat and Prevent the Occurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis?

et al. 2021

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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been reported in one-third of women worldwide at different life stages, due to the complex balance in the ecology of the vaginal microbiota. It is a common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge and is associated with other health issues. Since the first description of anaerobic microbes associated with BV like Gardnerella vaginalis in the 1950s, researchers have stepped up the game by incorporating advanced molecular tools to monitor and evaluate the extent of dysbiosis within the vaginal microbiome, particularly on how specific microbial population changes compared to a healthy state. Moreover, treatment failure and BV recurrence rate remain high despite the standard antibiotic treatment. Consequently, researchers have been probing into alternative or adjunct treatments, including probiotics or even vaginal microbiota transplants, to ensure successful treatment outcomes and reduce the colonization by pathogenic microbes of the female reproductive tract. The current review summarizes the latest findings in probiotics use for BV and explores the potential of vaginal microbiota transplants in restoring vaginal health.

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Section: The Development Of the Vaginal Microbiome: How Does It Change Throughout A Woman's Life?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding a Balance in the Vaginal Microbiome: How Do We Treat and Prevent the Occurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis?

et al. 2021

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Gonorrheal Vaginitis in Girls Treated With Estrone (Theelin), Fever and Sulfanilamide

Burpee¹,

Robinow²,

Leslie³

1939

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine

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The methods employed until 1933 in the treatment of gonorrheal vaginitis 1 in children were largely those recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea in adults. For many years treatment with various antiseptics and gonococcocides was in vogue. They were applied in baths, douches, instillations, suppositories and ointments. Later there was added parenteral therapy, with vaccines, filtrates, nonspecific proteins, etc. Each method had and still has its ardent adherents; but in the hands of the majority of pediatricians and gynecologists the results have been disappointing.Recently three new methods of treatment have been advocated, each attacking the problem from a different angle and each with the claim of a previously unheard of efficiency.1. The first method consists of treatment with estrogens or with substances which produce an acid reaction in the vagina. The two types of medicament seem to be closely related in their mode of action. Estrogens administered to immature female monkeys 2 and human beings 3 change the vaginal epithelium from the infantile to the adult type. The infantile vagina is covered by a delicate epithelium measuring four to eight cell layers in thickness. The vaginal epithelium of the adult, and similarly that of the newborn infant,30 consists of twenty to thirty cell layers. These adult cells are characterized histologically From the

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Gonorrheal Vaginitis of Children

Benson¹

1939

Am J Dis Child

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Few anatomic, physiologic, bacteriologic or pathologic studies of the normal or the gonorrhea-infected vagina and cervix in the infant and in the child have been reported.1 Lewis,2 the first to give impetus to such studies, reported the use of estrogen in the treatment of gonorrheal vaginitis. Since then his studies as well as those of others have emphasized the histologic variations in the lower part of the genital tract in children as well as the effect of estrogenic therapy on the hydrogen ion concentration and the cellular content of the vaginal secretion. Reichert 3 and his co-workers reported on the bacteriologic conditions of the lower part of the genital tract in infected children. Pathologic studies were directed mainly toward determining the presence or absence of cervicitis or endocervicitis in cases of gonorrheal infection in children. Ronchese 4 in Italy reported observations on 3 cases in which autopsy was done; in these cases the infection was confined to the vagina and a small portion of the cervical canal. Frequent reference is made to the report of Hess,5 although this article does not give detailed information.

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Infection of the Lower Part of the Genital Tract in Girls

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Finding a Balance in the Vaginal Microbiome: How Do We Treat and Prevent the Occurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis?

Finding a Balance in the Vaginal Microbiome: How Do We Treat and Prevent the Occurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis?

Gonorrheal Vaginitis in Girls Treated With Estrone (Theelin), Fever and Sulfanilamide

Gonorrheal Vaginitis of Children

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