Infection of SARS-CoV-2 causes severe pathological changes in mouse testis

Chen, Min; Li, Shihua; Liu, Shujun; Zhang, Yuhang; Cui, Xiuhong; Lv, Limin; Liu, Bowen; Zheng, Ai; Wang, Qihui; Duo, Shuguang; Gao, Fei

doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2022.11.011

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…protease 2, TMPRSS2)同时作为共受体感染宿主细胞 [81] 。虽然人类睾丸 LC、 SC 和生精细胞表达较高水平的 ACE2 [82,83] ，但 TMPRSS 2 在这些睾丸细胞中表达水平很低，缺乏 SARS-CoV-2 感染睾丸细胞的基础 [84] 。但最近发现，SARS-CoV-2 可以感染睾丸，并在睾丸内复制，表明睾丸也是 SARS-CoV-2 的靶点 [85] 。值得关注的是，SARS-CoV-2 感染恒河猴后，在其睾丸和阴茎中检测到丰富的 SARS-CoV-2，表明 SARS-CoV-2 具有潜在的性传播风险 [86] ，但这种现象在人类尚缺乏明确的证据。 SARS-CoV-2 感染年轻男性通常会导致睾丸与阴囊疼痛 [87,88] ，表明可能存在局部炎症反应 [89] 。而且对死亡患者睾丸组织活检也发现睾丸炎和睾丸损伤 [90][91][92][93][94] 。有研究发现注射 SARS-CoV-2，可以引起小鼠睾丸严重的病理改变 [95] 。但 2，是人类中最常见的病毒 [107] 。HSV-1 常引起口腔疱疹，偶尔引起男性生殖器疱疹，但 HSV-2 主要诱发生殖器疱疹 [108] 。一些其他病毒也可以感染睾丸，如 SARS 冠状病毒(SARS-CoV) 、埃博拉病毒(Ebola virus, EBOV)和柯萨奇病毒 B 5(coxsackie virus B 5, CoxVB5) ，其中 CoxVB5 和 SARS-CoV 感染可诱发睾丸炎，但它们对男性生殖的影响尚不明确 [109][110][111] 水平较高，因此 TM 天然免疫反应相对较弱 [112] 。仙台病毒能够诱导 TM 产生干扰素与抗病毒蛋白，抑制病毒在细胞内复制 [113][114][115] 。MuV 感染也能够诱导 TM 表达干扰素与抗病毒蛋白 [49] 。TM 还能够表达抗炎因子，表现出免疫抑制表型。TM 较低的免疫活性有利于维持睾丸的免疫豁免环境 [116] 。最近研究证实 TM 可通过自噬与产生干扰素抑制 MuV 在细胞内的复制 [49] 。…”

Section: 寨卡病毒(Zika Virus Zikv)unclassified

男性生殖系统：病毒的储存库与性传播

Zhang,

Fei,

et al. 2024

Sci. Sin.-Vitae

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Viral infectious diseases are receiving increasing attention owing to the COVID-19 pandemic and various other recently emerging viral outbreaks. Viral tropism for the male reproductive system (MRS) and impairment of male fertility, as well as sexual transmission of viruses, are among great concerns during viral outbreaks. The MRS adopts an immune-privileged environment to protect male germ cells from adverse autoimmune response. The testis is a typical immune-privileged organ, and the epididymis also enjoys immune-privileged properties. However, the immuneprivileged environments of the MRS can be also hijacked by microbial pathogens as sanctuaries to escape immune surveillance. A large spectrum of viruses exhibit tropism for the testis, while other major organs of the MRS, including the epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostate, can also be infected by viruses. To overcome the immune privilege and mount an effective local defense against invading viruses, the MRS adopts specific innate antiviral mechanisms. However, several viruses may induce inflammatory conditions in the MRS and impair male fertility. Moreover, the viruses in the MRS can shed to the semen, leading to sexual transmission. The immune environment, viral infection, and local antiviral defense in the MRS, as well as sexual transmission of viruses, are important topics. In this article, we review recent achievements relating to these topics and outline priority issues for future A c c e p t e d

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Section: 寨卡病毒(Zika Virus Zikv)unclassified

男性生殖系统：病毒的储存库与性传播

Zhang,

Fei,

et al. 2024

Sci. Sin.-Vitae

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“…The high expression level of ACE2 in various testicular cells, including vas deferens cells, spermatogonial cells, stromal cells, and sertoli cells, renders the testes highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection ( Fu et al., 2020 ; Hikmet et al., 2020 ; Wang and Xu, 2020 ; Qi et al., 2021 ; Ribeiro et al., 2023 ). Several in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the susceptibility of testicular cells to SARS-CoV-2 ( Campos et al., 2021 ; Mahé et al., 2023 ; Chen et al., 2023a ; Li et al., 2023b ). Due to the physiological barriers, SARS-CoV-2 could potentially persist in the semen of recovered patients ( Li et al., 2020a ).…”

Section: Long-term Effects Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Host factors of SARS-CoV-2 in infection, pathogenesis, and long-term effects

Zhang,

Chen,

Tian

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus of the devastating COVID-19 pandemic that results in an unparalleled global health and economic crisis. Despite unprecedented scientific efforts and therapeutic interventions, the fight against COVID-19 continues as the rapid emergence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and the increasing challenge of long COVID-19, raising a vast demand to understand the pathomechanisms of COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae and develop therapeutic strategies beyond the virus per se. Notably, in addition to the virus itself, the replication cycle of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical severity of COVID-19 is also governed by host factors. In this review, we therefore comprehensively overview the replication cycle and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 from the perspective of host factors and host-virus interactions. We sequentially outline the pathological implications of molecular interactions between host factors and SARS-CoV-2 in multi-organ and multi-system long COVID-19, and summarize current therapeutic strategies and agents targeting host factors for treating these diseases. This knowledge would be key for the identification of new pathophysiological aspects and mechanisms, and the development of actionable therapeutic targets and strategies for tackling COVID-19 and its sequelae.

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“…They found that SARS-CoV-2 readily entered ACE2-expressing neuronal somatic cells ( Yi et al, 2020 ), suggesting that specific mature neural progenitor cells expressing ACE2 in the brain, such as choroid plexus epithelial cells, exhibit strong susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus ( Pellegrini et al, 2020 ). Chen et al (2023b) observed that the pseudovirus could infect supporting and mesenchymal cells of hACE transgenic mice in vitro and cause severe pathological changes in the germinal tubules in mice in vivo .…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Pseudovirus For Studying Virus-host Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development and application of pseudoviruses: assessment of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses

Tan,

Wang,

Deng

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Although most Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients can recover fully, the disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In addition to the consequences of acute infection, a proportion of the population experiences long-term adverse effects associated with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is still critical to comprehend the virus’s characteristics and how it interacts with its host to develop effective drugs and vaccines against COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus, a replication-deficient recombinant glycoprotein chimeric viral particle, enables investigations of highly pathogenic viruses to be conducted without the constraint of high-level biosafety facilities, considerably advancing virology and being extensively employed in the study of SARS-CoV-2. This review summarizes three methods of establishing SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and current knowledge in vaccine development, neutralizing antibody research, and antiviral drug screening, as well as recent progress in virus entry mechanism and susceptible cell screening. We also discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages.

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Infection of SARS-CoV-2 causes severe pathological changes in mouse testis

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

男性生殖系统：病毒的储存库与性传播

男性生殖系统：病毒的储存库与性传播

Host factors of SARS-CoV-2 in infection, pathogenesis, and long-term effects

The development and application of pseudoviruses: assessment of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses

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