Infection of an Individual with Plague in the Gorno-Altaisk High-Mountain Natural Focus in 2014. Communication 2. Peculiarities of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular-Genetic Characterization of the Isolated Strains

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The aim of the study was to develop a test system that allows for detecting plague pathogen DNA in clinical and biological samples, environmental objects with the simultaneous determination of its appurtenance to the main and non-main subspecies, differentiation of the altai biovar central asiatica subspecies separately. Materials and methods. Primer sets for specific genetic markers have been selected using the VectorNTI 10 software, optimal conditions for PCR were determined for RotorGene devices. To assess the specificity and sensitivity of the developed set of reagents, 44 strains of microorganisms were used, of which 19 were Yersinia pestis strains and 25 strains of heterologous microorganisms. The diagnostic sensitivity of “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF” is 98.6 % with a confidence level of probability of 91 %. The diagnostic specificity of “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF” is ≥ 99 % with a confidence level of 91 %. Results and discussion. A medical product “A set of reagents for the detection and differentiation of plague pathogen strains of the main and non-main subspecies (altai biovar, subspecies central asiatica exclusively) by the polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescent registration of results in real-time mode (GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF)” has been developed. The set of reagents passed the state registration in accordance with the established procedure. The use of the developed set of reagents is relevant for the Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague focus of the Russian Federation and the adjacent part of Mongolia.

unclassified

Construction of the Reagent Panel “GenPest-subspecies/Altai-RGF”

Nikiforov

Куклева

Sitmbetov

et al. 2022

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“…в 2014-2016 гг. в этом же кош-агачском районе республики алтай впервые в горном алтае произошли три случая заболевания чумой человека, вызванные штаммами 4.ANT основного подвида [8,9]. проведенные в 2014-2017 гг.…”

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Comparative Genetic Analysis of Yersinia pestis Strains Isolated on the Ukok Plateau and other Territories of the Altai Mountains

Eroshenko

Балыкова

Краснов

et al. 2021

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The aim of the study was molecular-genetic identification and analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of Yersinia pestis strains isolated on the Ukok Plateau in 2020, in order to establish the current boundaries of the natural mega focus of plague in the Altai Mountains in Russia and Mongolia.Materials and methods. 37 strains of Y. pestis of the main subspecies isolated in the Tuva mountain and Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague foci and adjacent territories of Mongolia in 1971–2020 were studied. The whole genome sequencing of the strains was performed using the Ion S5 XL System (Thermo Fischer Scientific). Ion Torrent Suite software package 5.12 and Newbler gsAssembler 2.6 were used to process the data and assemble de novo the sequences of raw reads. The average size of the collected genome was 4.55 million base pairs. Core SNPs were detected by aligning the contigs of Y. pestis strains on the CO92 genome using the Snippy 4.6 program, then 28 SNP homoplasies were removed. The resulting set of SNPs contained only the core region of the genome (955 SNPs). The dendrogram was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method applying the PhyML 3.1 program.Results and discussion. The current population structure of Y. pestis of the main subspecies, antique biovar, phylogenetic line 4.ANT, endemic to the foci of the Altai Mountains in Russia and Mongolia has been determined. The presence of 4.ANT-21 clone, which became widespread in the territory of these natural foci of plague at the begining of the XXI century, was revealed. It is shown that three strains isolated on the Ukok Plateau in 2020 belong to clone 4.ANT-21. According to phylogenetic analysis, evidence of 4.ANT circulation on the Ukok Plateau before 2018 was obtained. The lesson that has been learned is that it is necessary to study the territories of Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China bordering the Ukok Plateau in order to establish the current boundaries of the 4.ANT mega focus.

“…в связи с выявлением в 2012-2016 гг. микроочагов основного подвида чумного микроба с высоким эпидемическим потенциалом в горно-алтайском высокогорном природном очаге и возникновением эпизоотий чумы среди промыслового вида -серого сурка, риски заражения населения значительно выросли [1,4]. единичные заражения человека имели место в 2014 г.…”

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Coordination of Measures of Plague Control Institutions, Aimed at Rehabilitation and Sanitation of Gorno-Altai High-Mountain Natural Plague Focus in 2016

Попова¹,

Кутырев²,

Балахонов³

et al. 2016

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а.Ю.Попова 1,2 , В.В.кутырев 3 , с.В.балахонов 4 , е.б.ежлова 1 , Ю.В.Демина 1 , н.Д.Пакскина 1 , л.В.Щучинов 5 , н.В.Попов 3 , с.а.косилко 4 , В.и.Дубровина 4 , В.м.корзун 4 , е.П.михайлов 6 , а.и.мищенко 6 , а.В.Денисов 6 , е.н.рождественский 6 , с.а.бугоркова 3 , Г.а.ерошенко 3 , Я.м.краснов 3 , В.П.Топорков 3 , а.а.слудский 3 , а.с.раздорский 3 , а.н.матросов 3 , а.м.Поршаков 3 , а.а.лопатин 3 , с.а.Щербакова 3 Координация Мероприятий противочуМных учреждений роСпотреБнадзора по оздоровлениЮ Горно-алтайСКоГо выСоКоГорноГо природноГо очаГа чуМы в 2016 г. 1 Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, Москва, Российская Федерация;