Infection Control in Health Care Facilities

Minhas, Sukhmeet; Kotwal, Atul; Singh, Mandeep

doi:10.1016/s0377-1237(11)80003-1

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Previous studies have also found inadequate infection control practices among healthcare workers in India,[ 33 , 34 ] however, the number of medical injections was not associated with HCV after adjusting for covariates in our study. It is important to note that in a cross-sectional study, to identify associations with medical practices is challenging.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

The burden of hepatitis C virus infection in Punjab, India: A population-based serosurvey

et al. 2018

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IntroductionHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence is believed to be elevated in Punjab, India; however, state-wide prevalence data are not available. An understanding of HCV prevalence, risk factors and genotype distribution can be used to plan control measures in Punjab.MethodsA cross-sectional, state-wide, population-based serosurvey using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling design was conducted October 2013 to April 2014. Children aged ≥5 years and adults were eligible to participate. Demographic and risk behavior data were collected, and serologic specimens were obtained and tested for anti-HCV antibody, HCV Ribonucleic acid (RNA) on anti-HCV positive samples, and HCV genotype. Prevalence estimates and adjusted odds ratios for risk factors were calculated from weighted data and stratified by urban/rural residence.Results5,543 individuals participated in the study with an overall weighted anti-HCV prevalence of 3.6% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 3.0%–4.2%) and chronic infection (HCV Ribonucleic acid test positive) of 2.6% (95% CI: 2.0%–3.1%). Anti-HCV was associated with being male (adjusted odds ratio 1.52; 95% CI: 1.08–2.14), living in a rural area (adjusted odds ratio 2.53; 95% CI: 1.62–3.95) and was most strongly associated with those aged 40–49 (adjusted odds ratio 40–49 vs. 19–29-year-olds 3.41; 95% CI: 1.90–6.11). Anti-HCV prevalence increased with each blood transfusion received (adjusted odds ratio 1.36; 95% CI: 1.10–1.68) and decreased with increasing education, (adjusted odds ratio 0.37 for graduate-level vs. primary school/no education; 95% CI: 0.16–0.82). Genotype 3 (58%) was most common among infected individuals.DiscussionThe study findings, including the overall prevalence of chronic HCV infection, associated risk factors and demographic characteristics, and genotype distribution can guide prevention and control efforts, including treatment provision. In addition to high-risk populations, efforts targeting rural areas and adults aged ≥40 would be the most effective for identifying infected individuals.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

The burden of hepatitis C virus infection in Punjab, India: A population-based serosurvey

et al. 2018

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“…Infection prevention and control is a pivotal component of any healthcare system at a national as well international levels given rising rates of AMR and the implications [ 37 , 38 , 103 ]. Many infectious diseases as well as outbreaks are preventable if proper measures, including educational sessions regarding disease prevention and self-hygiene combined with prophylactic treatment including vaccines, are adopted by pilgrims before arrival to KSA [ 104 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance among Pilgrims with Infectious Diseases during Hajj: Lessons Learnt from COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2023

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Hajj pilgrimage is a large mass gathering global event that may facilitate the spread and emergence of various infectious diseases as well as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in a local and global scenario. Planning and preparing for these public health issues is a challenging and complex process for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) health authorities. Despite multiple efforts for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases through longtime funding in education and medical care, the prevalence of infectious disease is still high among Hajj pilgrims. The commonly observed infectious diseases during Hajj include respiratory tract infections (influenza and pneumonia), urinary tract infections and skin infections that may necessitate the use of antimicrobials. Beta-lactams are used as a first-line treatment for hospital acquired infections as well as community acquired infections due to their broad-spectrum activity. However, most of the bacterial isolates such as Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli are resistant to beta-lactams. Irrational use of antimicrobials, lack of infection prevention practices and suboptimal healthcare access further exacerbate the risk of spreading AMR among Hajj pilgrims. Enhanced collaboration between countries, sharing of best practices and international cooperation are crucial in addressing AMR threats among pilgrims. Consequently, robust surveillance systems for early detection and monitoring of AMR, collaboration with national as well as international healthcare agencies, effective infection prevention and control measures, public awareness and rational use of antimicrobials via antimicrobial stewardship programs are required to mitigate the risk of AMR and ensure the health and well-being of pilgrims during Hajj.

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“…Regarding the educational level, the findings in tables (6) show that there are significant association between nurses' knowledge and their education level. It is considered that the highest level of educational preparation is the best acquired knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…(22.22) was the interval between first and last degree at the same level. The suggestion was made for classifying the early stated interval for knowledge into main categories as follows: ( Table (6) presents that there is a significant association between the nurses' knowledge and their educational level at less than ( 0.05) Table (7) presents that there is a significant association between the nurses' knowledge and their year of employment at less than (0.05) . Table (8) reveals that there is a significant association between the nurses' knowledge and their number of training courses at less than ( 0.05).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, awareness of health institution staffs, equipment and the environment as sources of transmission of HAIs among primary HCWs. (5) These infections occur in low-income countries more than 90% (6) Health associated infections (HAIs) report for (99,000) deaths in American hospitals and healthcare setting according to the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) estimates, and (37,000) deaths in Europe. (7,8) Health workers at primary institutions are the first point of contact of clients with the health system, for that reason, they must be knowledgeable in the diagnosis and management of clients Also, they should be well trained, supervised, and provided with adequate supplies otherwise, there will be a loss of credibility of the health care system, and clients will not seek medical care for the health care services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Nurses' Knowledge Upon The Infection Control in Primary Health Care Centers at AL-Amara City.

Naji

AL-Hraishawi²

2015

Kufa Jour. Nurs. Sci.

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of the nurses' knowledge staff concerning the infection control at primary health care centers in AL-Amara city. Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out in primary health care centers of 17th October, 2014 to August, 2014. The instruments was constructed by the researcher to reach the aims of the study using a non-probability sampling: purposive sample consist of (70) nurses, who worked in immunization unit and dressing unit at primary health care centers in AL-Amara city was selected, and Two study instruments were utilized for proper data collection [questionnaire and demographic information]; the study Reliability of instrument was determined through the use of test and retest and the instrument validity was determined through a panel of experts. The analysis of the data was used descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation) and statistical inferential (chi square). Results: The results of the study revealed that (52.9%) at age groups (40) years and more years,. The findings of the present study indicated that (65.7%) of the sample were males and (47.2%) are Nursing institute graduate, (74.3%) have (1-5) years of experience, and (58.6%) have Training courses. Conclusion: The study findings indicated that there were highly significant between nurses' knowledge in all domains related to infection control. Recommendation: Encourage nurses and motivate them to participate in training programs and conferences held by specialists in infection control to update their knowledge about infection control.

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Infection Control in Health Care Facilities

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

The burden of hepatitis C virus infection in Punjab, India: A population-based serosurvey

The burden of hepatitis C virus infection in Punjab, India: A population-based serosurvey

Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance among Pilgrims with Infectious Diseases during Hajj: Lessons Learnt from COVID-19 Pandemic

Impact of Nurses' Knowledge Upon The Infection Control in Primary Health Care Centers at AL-Amara City.

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