The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the aetiology of both preinvasive and invasive disease of the lower female genital tract and anus has become more clearly established. The evidence implicating HPV as the cause of dyspareunia, vulvodynia or pruritus is less convincing, and it is unlikely that subclinical vulvar HPV causes symptoms or warrants treatment .This editorial is intended to provide a brief review of HPV, its influence on the lower genital tract and its management.
The virusHuman papillomaviruses are double-stranded DNA-containing viruses which are epitheliotropic and replicate in the nucleus of the infected cells (1,2). There are over 65 types widely distributed throughout mammals. They are highly species-specific and all have been sequenced, showing the different types to be of similar size and overall genetic organization (3). The papillomavirus genome has been defined by 3 functional portions: the upstream regulatory region (URR), the early (E) region and the late (L) region. The E region contains 7 or 8 open reading frames (OW) which code for protein formation. The E6 and E7 ORFs are oncogenes and produce E6 and E7 oncoproteins which are involved in the malignant transformation of cells.