Infection and Potential Challenge of Childhood Mortality in Sickle Cell Disease: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature from a Global Perspective

Sahu, Tarun; Pande, Babita; Verma, Henu Kumar; Bhaskar, L V K S; Sinha, Meenakshi; Sinha, Ramanjan; Rao, Pasupuleti Visweswara

doi:10.3390/thalassrep13030019

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…Hence, the need for further investigation of the potential benefits of nutrition-related interventions for these patients is imperative [ 166 ]. Over the last decade, the prime concerns for basic, clinical, and demographic research regarding food, diet, supplements, and nutrition in individuals with SCD and thalassemia have been suggested as main areas of research and innovation [ 167 , 168 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Perspectives In Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

Bell,

Varzakas,

Psaltopoulou

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Sickle cell disease (SCD), a distinctive and often overlooked illness in the 21st century, is a congenital blood disorder characterized by considerable phenotypic diversity. It comprises a group of disorders, with sickle cell anemia (SCA) being the most prevalent and serious genotype. Although there have been some systematic reviews of global data, worldwide statistics regarding SCD prevalence, morbidity, and mortality remain scarce. In developed countries with a lower number of sickle cell patients, cutting-edge technologies have led to the development of new treatments. However, in developing settings where sickle cell disease (SCD) is more prevalent, medical management, rather than a cure, still relies on the use of hydroxyurea, blood transfusions, and analgesics. This is a disease that affects red blood cells, consequently affecting most organs in diverse manners. We discuss its etiology and the advent of new technologies, but the aim of this study is to understand the various types of nutrition-related studies involving individuals suffering from SCD, particularly in Africa. The interplay of the environment, food, gut microbiota, along with their respective genomes collectively known as the gut microbiome, and host metabolism is responsible for mediating host metabolic phenotypes and modulating gut microbiota. In addition, it serves the purpose of providing essential nutrients. Moreover, it engages in direct interactions with host homeostasis and the immune system, as well as indirect interactions via metabolites. Nutrition interventions and nutritional care are mechanisms for addressing increased nutrient expenditures and are important aspects of supportive management for patients with SCD. Underprivileged areas in Sub-Saharan Africa should be accompanied by efforts to define and promote of the nutritional aspects of SCD. Their importance is key to maintaining well-being and quality of life, especially because new technologies and products remain limited, while the use of native medicinal plant resources is acknowledged.

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Section: Nutritional Perspectives In Sickle Cell Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

Bell,

Varzakas,

Psaltopoulou

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…The unique vulnerabilities of SCA patients make them particularly prone to these hospital-acquired infections. Several interrelated factors contribute to this ongoing challenge: [16–19]…”

Section: Factors Contributing To the Challenge Of Nosocomial Infectio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial infections in sickle cell anemia patients: Prevention through multi-disciplinary approach: A review

Obeagu,

Akinleye

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Sickle cell anemia (SCA), a hereditary blood disorder characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin, poses a unique set of challenges for both patients and healthcare providers. One of the most pressing issues in the care of these individuals is the persistent threat of nosocomial infections, which are infections acquired during hospitalization. This abstract provides a concise overview of the ongoing challenge of nosocomial infections in SCA patients, highlighting the factors contributing to their vulnerability and the preventive measures in place. SCA patients face increased susceptibility to nosocomial infections due to their compromised immune systems, frequent hospitalizations, prolonged stays, and the need for invasive medical interventions. The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens further complicates the management of these infections. To address this challenge, healthcare facilities have implemented infection control protocols, vaccination strategies, and antimicrobial stewardship, emphasizing the importance of patient education. Recognizing the gravity of this issue and adopting comprehensive preventive measures is crucial to improving the quality of care and patient outcomes in this vulnerable population. Further research and ongoing efforts are essential to reducing the burden of nosocomial infections in SCA patients and enhancing their overall healthcare experience.

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Sickle Cell Disease and Gut Health: The Influence of Intestinal Parasites and the Microbiome on Angolan Children

Delgadinho,

Ginete,

Santos

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Parasitic infections are a common problem in developing countries and can intensify morbidity in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), increasing the severity of anemia and the need for transfusions. It has been demonstrated that both helminths and protozoa can affect gut microbiome composition. On the other hand, the presence of specific bacterial communities can also influence parasite establishment. Considering this, our aim was to associate the presence of intestinal parasites with the results of hematological analyses and microbiome composition evaluations in a population of Angolan children with and without SCD. A total of 113 stool samples were collected, and gut microbiome analysis was performed using 16S sequencing and real-time PCR to detect eight different intestinal parasites. In our population, more than half of children (55%) had at least one parasitic infection, and of these, 43% were co-infected. Giardia intestinalis and Ascaris lumbricoides were more frequently found in children from the rural area of Bengo. Moreover, SCD children with ascariasis exhibited higher values of leukocytes and neutrophils, whereas the total hemoglobin levels were lower. In regards to the gut microbiome, the presence of intestinal parasites lowered the prevalence of some beneficial bacteria, namely: Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Cuneatibacter, Bacteroides uniformis, Roseburia, and Shuttleworthia. This study presents the prevalence of several intestinal parasites in a high-risk transmission area with scarce information and opens new perspectives for understanding the interaction between parasites, the microbiome, and SCD.

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Infection and Potential Challenge of Childhood Mortality in Sickle Cell Disease: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature from a Global Perspective

Cited by 3 publications

References 177 publications

Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

Nosocomial infections in sickle cell anemia patients: Prevention through multi-disciplinary approach: A review

Sickle Cell Disease and Gut Health: The Influence of Intestinal Parasites and the Microbiome on Angolan Children

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