Infecções do trato urinário (ITU) de cães e gatos: etiologia e resistência aos antimicrobianos

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the frequency of different genera of bacteria in UTIs of dogs and cats as well as their susceptibility to antimicrobials used in clinical routine. Therefore, urine samples from 100 dogs and cats suspected of UTI were collected aseptically. Samples underwent to microbiological evaluation through qualitative and quantitative methods, and urinalysis. All isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. UTI was confirmed in 74% of animals, with no predominance in one gender. With regard to age, 85% of dogs and 87% of cats were older than six years. Ninety-five bacterial strains were isolated with higher frequency of Escherichia coli (55% of total) of serogroups O6 and O2. High levels of antimicrobial resistance were found. Gram-positive strains had the highest resistance to tetracycline (46.1%), enrofloxacin, cotrimazol and streptomycin (42.3% each), while above 50% of Gram-negative were resistant to amoxicillin and tetracycline. Multidrug resistance has been observed in more than 50% of the major genera isolated. Considering the zoonotic potential of E. coli strains and its strong participation in antimicrobial resistance dissemination, the important role of the veterinarians in the prevention and control of animal UTIs and their contribution to public health must be emphasized.

Urinary infection in dogs with chronic kidney disease: aetiology and resistance

“…There are several etiologic agents of UTIs, although bacteria are the most common (LING et al, 2001;BARTGES, 2004). According to the study by Carvalho et al (2014), gram-negative bacteria represented 75% of UTI cases; however, in the present study, a higher percentage of cases caused by gram-positive bacteria (62.5%) was observed. The predominant etiological agents observed were Staphylococcus sp.…”

“…The average age of dogs with UTI was 8.28 years, similar to results observed in the studies carried out by Carvalho et al (2014) and Wong et al (2015). There is no age predisposition in chronic kidney disease, although older dogs are more often affected (BARTGES, 2012).…”

“…Cystocentesis is the recommended technique for collecting urine for culture and is preferable since it avoids contamination of the sample by the passage through the distal urethra, vagina, vestibule, foreskin or perineum, besides reducing the risk of triggering iatrogenic infection (LING et al, 2001). According to Ling et al (2001), Carvalho et al (2014) and Wong et al (2015), most UTIs are caused by a single organism, as seen in this study, where the percentage of UTIs involving a uropathogen accounted for 70% of cases.…”

“…Bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp., are commonly associated with urinary tract infections in dogs (CARVALHO et al, 2014), but viral and fungal infections also occur, affecting mainly immunosuppressed animals. These agents can access and colonize the urinary system through the ascending pathway of the distal urogenital system, or through the haematogenous or lymphatic pathways.…”

“…and Pseudomonas sp., accounting for 30% of cases each. Carvalho et al (2014) and Wong et al (2015) cite Escherichia coli as the main uropathogen. However, these results may be affected by the number of animals sampled, the clinical conditions or even geographical factors.…”