Infección por SARS-CoV-2: implicaciones para la salud sexual y reproductiva. Una declaración de posición de la Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva (ASESA)

García-José, F.; González, J. García-Dueñas; Molina, J. M.; Arnau, Lluis Bassas; Iribarren, I. Moncada; Jabaloyas, J.M. Martínez; Rico, F. Meijide; García-Baquero, Rodrigo; Gayá, M. Rosselló; García, E. Lledó; López, Carmen Luque; Castro, Rafael Prieto; Salamanca, Juan

doi:10.1016/j.androl.2020.06.001

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We show that the ACE2 expression profile in human tissues agrees with clinical observations of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. For example, ACE2 is by far most strongly expressed in testis; SARS is known to cause orchitis and destruction to male germ cells [ 17 ] and SARS-CoV-2 infection is also supposed to impact the reproductive system [ 18 ]. Similarly, our analyses show that small intestine is the tissue with the second highest level of ACE2 expression, which is in line with reports showing that SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in stool samples of COVID-19 patients in China and other countries [ 7 ], even after the viral RNA has decreased to undetectable level in respiratory tract [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atlas of ACE2 gene expression reveals novel insights into transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Sun

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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The recent pandemic, COVID-19, is caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, with elusive origin. SARS-CoV-2 infects mammalian cells via ACE2, a transmembrane protein. Therefore, the conservation and expression patterns of ACE2 may provide valuable insights into tracing the carriers of SARS-CoV-2. In this work, we analyzed the conservation of ACE2 and its expression pattern among various mammalian species that are close to human beings. We show that mammalian ACE2 gene is deeply conserved at both DNA and peptide levels, suggesting that a broad range of mammals can potentially host SARS-CoV-2. We further report that ACE2 expression in certain human tissues are consistent with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we have built the first atlas of ACE2 expression in various common mammals, which shows that ACE2 expresses in mammalian tissues in a species-specific manner. Most notably, we observe exceptionally high expression of ACE2 in external body parts of cats and dogs, suggesting that these household pet animals could be vulnerable to viral infections and/or may serve as intermediate hosts, thus yielding novel insights into the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atlas of ACE2 gene expression reveals novel insights into transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Sun

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…Additionally, the testosterone/LH ratio was lower in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group [99]. In another study [100], testosterone levels were decreased, and the LH levels were increased. Consequently, this is an important effect that could impair the balance of the testosterone/LH/FSH ratio.…”

Section: Sex Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Effect of Long COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination on Male Fertility; A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Earlier research has suggested that the male reproductive system could be particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection, and infections involving this novel disease not only pose serious health threats but could also cause male infertility. Data from multi-organ research during the recent outbreak indicate that male infertility might not be diagnosed as a possible consequence of COVID-19 infection. Several review papers have summarized the etiology factors on male fertility, but to date no review paper has been published defining the effect of COVID-19 infection on male fertility. Therefore, the aim of this study isto review the published scientific evidence regardingmale fertility potential, the risk of infertility during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the male reproductive system. The effects of COVID-19 infection and thesubsequent vaccination on seminal fluid, sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm viability, testes and sex hormones are particularly reviewed.

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“…This has included recommendation for gonadal function assessment and semen analysis in males of reproductive age who have recovered from COVID-19 [ 56 ]. There is a further concern that SARS-CoV-2 may be transmitted sexually, or via ART [ 22 , 23 , 25 ], which requires the presence of the virus in seminal or vaginal fluids for such a mode of transmission [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous review articles have postulated the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to infect male reproductive tissues due to the presence of ACE2 receptors. This has led to the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 may gain access to the reproductive tract, may be sexually transmitted, and that COVID-19 may directly or indirectly impair reproductive function and/or disrupt the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID-19 on the male reproductive tract and fertility: A systematic review

Sengupta

Leisegang

Agarwal

2021

Arab Journal of Urology

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Objective The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains an ongoing public health challenge. Although males are affected slightly more than females, the impact of SARS-COV-2 on male reproductive system remains unclear. This systematic review aims to provide a concise update on the effects of COVID-19 on male reproductive health, including the presence of viral RNA in semen, and the impact on semen quality, testicular histology, testicular pain and male reproductive hormones. The global health is fronting an immediate as well as impending threat from the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19), that inflicts more males than females. Evidence suggest that male reproductive system is susceptible to this viral infection. However, there are still several pertinent queries that remain to be fully explained regarding the mechanism in testicular SARS-CoV-2 dynamics and the exact mode of its actions. Thus, the present systematic review aims to provide a concise update on the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on male reproduction.. Methods A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines searching the PubMed database. Eligibility for inclusion were original human studies evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on male reproductive health. Specific outcomes required for inclusion were at least one of the following: i) seminal detection of mRNA virus, or evaluation of ii) semen analysis, iii) testicular histology or ultrasonography, iv) testicular clinical symptoms and/or v) male reproductive hormones in COVID-19-positive patients. Results Of 553 retrieved articles, 25 met the inclusion criteria. This included studies primarily investigating the presence of viral RNA in semen ( n = 12), semen quality ( n = 2), testicular histology ( n = 5), testicular pain ( n = 2) and male reproductive hormones ( n = 4). Results show little evidence for the presence of viral RNA in semen, although COVID-19 seems to affect seminal parameters, induce orchitis, and cause hypogonadism. Mortality cases suggest severe histological disruption of testicular architecture, probably due to a systemic and local reproductive tract inflammatory response and oxidative stress-induced damage. Conclusions Clinical evaluation of the male reproductive tract, seminal parameters and reproductive hormones is recommended in patients with current or a history of COVID-19, particularly in males undergoing fertility treatment. Any long-term negative impact on male reproduction remains unexplored and an important future consideration.

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Infección por SARS-CoV-2: implicaciones para la salud sexual y reproductiva. Una declaración de posición de la Asociación Española de Andrología, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva (ASESA)

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Atlas of ACE2 gene expression reveals novel insights into transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Atlas of ACE2 gene expression reveals novel insights into transmission of SARS-CoV-2

The Effect of Long COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination on Male Fertility; A Narrative Review

The impact of COVID-19 on the male reproductive tract and fertility: A systematic review

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