Infección natural de Lutzomyia cruciata (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) con Wolbachia en cafetales de Chiapas, México

Abstract

Se muestran los resultados de la búsqueda de Leishmania y Wolbachia mediante PCR, en flebotominos recolectados durante 2011 (febrero-marzo) en cafetales de cuatro localidades ubicadas dentro de un transecto altitudinal en la región del Soconusco, Chiapas, México. Las especies Lutzomyia texana y Lu. carpenteri son documentadas por primera vez para el estado de Chiapas. Wolbachia fue detectada en una hembra de Lutzomyia cruciata capturada en la Finca Guadalupe Sajú. Todas las muestras fueron negativas a Leishmania.

Species composition and seasonal abundance of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in coffee agroecosystems

“…In the Soconusco region, located in the southernmost part of the state near the border with Guatemala, coffee is the main agricultural product, representing 37% of the total cultivated area ( Santacruz de León & Villalba 2009 ). As in other coffee growing areas of Latin America, the leishmaniases have been reported in a number of localities of the Soconusco region ( Ortega-Grillasca & Vidal-Antonio 1990 ). Although some preliminary reports of sandfly species inhabiting this region have been published ( Ibáñez-Bernal 1999 , Mikery-Pacheco et al 2012 ), many aspects of the diseases and their vectors remain unknown.…”

Molecular detection of Wolbachia and Bartonella as part of the microbiome of phlebotomine sand flies from Chiapas, Mexico

“…These Wolbachia strains had previously been reported in other sand fly species and other insects, showing a prevalence of 8.6%. This is higher compared to other studies carried out in Mexico, where a prevalence of 0.98% has been reported (Mikery-Pacheco et al 2012;Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2021a, b;Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2022). Generally, Wolbachia strains are widely distributed in wild populations of Fig.…”

“…In Mexico, studies on microorganisms associated with sand flies are scarce. Yet, Wolbachia and Bartonella had previously been reported in sand flies (Mikery-Pacheco et al 2012;Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2019, 2021aLozano-Sardaneta et al 2021a, 2022. This led us to retrospectively analyze the possible presence of bacteria in sand flies species that had previously been collected in Chiapas, Mexico, a state with a high prevalence of leishmaniasis.…”

“…For that reason, it has been proposed that the association between Wolbachia and sand flies probably interferes with the establishment of Leishmania species. In the American continent, only 11 sand fly species have been associated with Wolbachia strains in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Panama, although the role of these associations remains unclear (Ono et al 2001 ; Azpurua et al 2010 ; Mikery-Pacheco et al 2012 ; Monteiro et al 2016 ; Kelly et al 2017 ; Vivero et al 2017 ; Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2021a , b ; Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2022 ). Recent studies propose that Wolbachia in sand flies might induce cytoplasmic incompatibility that reduces the genetic variability, causing speciation (Kassem et al 2003 ; Azpurua et al 2010 ).…”

“…Recent studies propose that Wolbachia in sand flies might induce cytoplasmic incompatibility that reduces the genetic variability, causing speciation (Kassem et al 2003 ; Azpurua et al 2010 ). In Mexico, only Lutzomyia cruciata and Psathyromyia shannoni have been reported to be infected with the strain Wolbachia wWhi in the states of Chiapas, Veracruz, and Tabasco (Mikery-Pacheco et al 2012 ; Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2021a , b ; Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2022 ). This is relevant, since both sand flies are considered to be vectors of Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania infantum in Mexico (Pech-May et al 2010 ; Lozano-Sardaneta et al 2020 ).…”