Infants Who Become Enuretics: A Longitudinal Study of 161 Kibbutz Children

Kaffman, Mordecai; Elizur, Esther

doi:10.2307/1165899

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Research on family history shows that the probability of enuresis increases as a function of closeness or the number of blood relations with a positive history (Kaffman & Elizur, 1977). It is possible that families convey tolerant attitudes toward bedwetting and not enuretic "genes. "…”

Section: Family Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enuresis and Encopresis

Friman

Freeman

2010

Handbook of Clinical Psychology Competencies

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Abstract:In this chapter, we describe the assessment and treatment of enuresis and encopresis. We first review literature on the symptoms, causes, and evidence-based treatments of each condition separately. We also incorporate a discussion of the mechanisms of change underlying effective intervention. Then, using Ryle's (1949) distinction between "knowing how" and "knowing that" as a framework, we discuss the basic competencies one should possess to address these clinical issues. A major reason for distinguishing between the "knowing how" and "knowing that" skill sets is that some clinicians teach and others practice. Based on this framework, we argue that demonstration of basic competency entails the clinician having the skills to conduct effective assessment and treatment of enuresis and/or encopresis, or the skills necessary to tell others (e.g., supervisees) how to do so. These skills include a thorough knowledge of the physiology of urination and defecation, potential pathophysiology of elimination disorders, the ability to effectively interface with medical providers regarding their treatment, and a strong working knowledge of evidence based treatments and their mechanisms of change. In our discussion of expert competency, we use no such distinction between "knowing how" and "knowing that", as an expert should be skilled in both. Further, expert competency in enuresis and encopresis entails the verbal and performance knowledge base to make scholarly contributions to the field, either by conducting one's own research or serving as a consultant to other research programs. Thus, an expert in this area is well poised to contribute to the field of elimination disorders as a master clinician, a specialty supervisor, and/or as a contributing researcher. OverviewChild clinical and pediatric psychologists confront a diverse set of problems that challenge children and their families. Often overlooked, but critically important, is the ability to successfully evaluate and intervene the challenges that may, at first glance, seem either medically based or within the realm of "typical" child behavioral problems. Among the most common, persistent, and stressful presenting complaints in primary medical care for children are two disorders involving developmentally inappropriate elimination of waste -enuresis (urine) and encopresis (feces). Evidence of their commonality and persistence is found in prevalence and age-range estimates. Prevalence estimates range as high 2% of 5-year-old children for encopresis and 25% of 6-year-old children for enuresis and, although both are much less prevalent by the teenage years, they are not rare. For example, as many as 8% of boys and 4% of girls are still enuretic at the age

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Section: Family Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enuresis and Encopresis

Friman

Freeman

2010

Handbook of Clinical Psychology Competencies

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“…However, to date, studies of temperamentcontinence relations have been restricted to daytime continence and it is yet unknown whether difficult child temperament is also associated with problems attaining nighttime bladder control. Also known to be influential are psychosocial and environmental factors in the family, linked to stress and early adversity (Kolvin & Taunch, 1973;Douglas 1973;Fergusson, Horwood, & Shannon, 1990;Jarvelin, Moilanen, Vikevainen-Tervonen, & Huttunen, 1990;Kaffman & Elizur, 1977;MacKeith, 1968;Stein & Susser, 1967;Werry, 1967). One important form of psychosocial adversity in early childhood is exposure to maternal psychopathology.…”

Section: Carol Joinson Jon Heron Richard Butler Tim Croudacementioning

confidence: 99%

LLCS Vol 1, Issue 1, Full Issue

2009

LLCS

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“…Only 15 percent were enuretic when neither parent had a positive history of enuresis. Familial history appears to be relevant to the development of enuresis even in kibbutz children who are less exposed to family attitudes and conventions regarding toileting and elimination (Kaffman & Elizur, 1977), suggesting that the relerant factor is not merely parental tolerance for enuresis (Friman & Warzak, 1990).…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current concepts in pediatric primary nocturnal enuresis

Warzak

Friman

1994

Child Adolesc Soc Work J

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It is estimated that enuresis affects 5 to 7 million children in the United States. Although the problem is common and well known, appropriate and effective treatment is not always provided. This may be due to the many etiological theories associated with this condition as well as a correspondingly high number of interventions. The present paper summarizes the empirical literature regarding primary nocturnal enuresis (PNEI, with an emphasis on pharmacological and behavioral interventions. The data support the view that children with enuresis have a wide range of negative experiences that can affect self-esteem and development, but that enuresis is not associated with significant psychiatric or behavioral difficulties. Given the strong empirical support for several interventions for PNE, children who have this condition should not go untreated.

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Infants Who Become Enuretics: A Longitudinal Study of 161 Kibbutz Children

Cited by 47 publications

References 40 publications

Enuresis and Encopresis

Enuresis and Encopresis

LLCS Vol 1, Issue 1, Full Issue

Current concepts in pediatric primary nocturnal enuresis

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