Infant Visual Preferences: A Review and New Theoretical Treatment

Banks, Martin S.; Ginsburg, Arthur P.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(08)60392-4

Cited by 78 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The stimulus could either have a positive (interaction) or negative (danger) value, but, in both instances, it appears to be worth looking at it. Preferential looking paradigms cannot provide any information about the positive or negative valence of the shown stimuli, or the reason why one stimulus is visually preferred over the other (Banks & Ginsburg, ). As a consequence, based on the present data, we are unable to draw a definite conclusion on whether the longer looking time directed to the approaching and colliding stimulus was due to interest or threat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectory Discrimination and Peripersonal Space Perception in Newborns

Orioli

Filippetti

Gerbino³

et al. 2017

Infancy

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The ability to discriminate the trajectories of moving objects is highly adaptive and fundamental for physical and social interactions. Therefore, we could reasonably expect sensitivity to different trajectories already at birth, as a precursor of later communicative and defensive abilities. To investigate this possibility, we measured newborns' looking behavior to evaluate their ability to discriminate between visual stimuli depicting motion along different trajectories happening within the space surrounding their body. Differently from previous studies, we did not take into account defensive reactions, which may not be elicited by impending collision as newborns might not categorize approaching stimuli as possible dangers. In two experiments, we showed that newborns display a spontaneous visual preference for trajectories directed toward their body. We found this visual preference when visual stimuli depicted motion in opposite directions (approaching vs. receding) as well as when they both moved toward the peripersonal space and differed only in their specific target (i.e., the body vs. the space around it). These findings suggest that at birth human infants seem to be already equipped with visual mechanisms predisposing them to perceive their presence in the environment and to adaptively focus their attention on the peripersonal space and their bodily self.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectory Discrimination and Peripersonal Space Perception in Newborns

Orioli

Filippetti

Gerbino³

et al. 2017

Infancy

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show abstract

“…However, manipulating the internal elements by movement or increasing contour density may overcome the effect (Bushnell 1979;Garon and Swartz 1980). Although attempts have been made to account for the externality effect in terms of the linear systems model of infant preference (Banks and Salapatek 1981;Banks and Ginsburg 1985;Aslin and Smith 1988), separate accounts of the first two characteristics of newborn visual behavior (saccadic pursuit tracking and preferential orienting) would then still be required. An alternative approach can accommodate facts from all three phenomena reviewed here.…”

Section: F I E 'Externality' Efect"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to about 3 months of age versions of this model can predict certain infant pattern preferences involving paired presentations of high contrast geometric patterns with a correlation of 0.96 (Banks and Ginsburg 1985). After this age the model may become less successful (Aslin and Smith 1988).…”

Section: F I E 'Externality' Efect"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Maturation and the Development of Visual Attention in Early Infancy

Johnson¹

1990

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

524

344

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Bronson (1974) reviewed evidence in support of the claim that the development of visually guided behavior in the human infant over the first few months of life represents a shift from subcortical to cortical visual processing. Recently, this view has been brought into question for two reasons; first, evidence revealing apparently sophisticated perceptual abilities in the newborn, and second, increasing evidence for multiple cortica streams of visual processing. The present paper presents a reanalysis of the relation between the maturation of cortical pathways and the development of visually guided behavior, focusing in particular on how the maturational state of the primary visual cortex may constrain the functioning of neural pathways subserving oculomotor control.

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“…Even though neonates' ability to discern fine visual detail is limited (Banks, 1980;Banks and Ginsburg, 1985), they do look preferentially at visual stimuli that are patterned, high-contrast, or moving (Walker-Andrews, 1997). Newborns look longer at face-like stimuli and track them farther than non-face-like stimuli (Goren et al, 1975;Johnson et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of emotion perception in face and voice during infancy

Großmann

2010

Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience

165

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Purpose: Interacting with others by reading their emotional expressions is an essential social skill in humans. How this ability develops during infancy and what brain processes underpin infants' perception of emotion in different modalities are the questions dealt with in this paper. Methods: Literature review. Results: The first part provides a systematic review of behavioral findings on infants' developing emotion-reading abilities. The second part presents a set of new electrophysiological studies that provide insights into the brain processes underlying infants' developing abilities. Throughout, evidence from unimodal (face or voice) and multimodal (face and voice) processing of emotion is considered. The implications of the reviewed findings for our understanding of developmental models of emotion processing are discussed. Conclusions: The reviewed infant data suggest that (a) early in development, emotion enhances the sensory processing of faces and voices, (b) infants' ability to allocate increased attentional resources to negative emotional information develops earlier in the vocal domain than in the facial domain, and (c) at least by the age of 7 months, infants reliably match and recognize emotional information across face and voice.

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Infant Visual Preferences: A Review and New Theoretical Treatment

Cited by 78 publications

References 50 publications

Trajectory Discrimination and Peripersonal Space Perception in Newborns

Trajectory Discrimination and Peripersonal Space Perception in Newborns

Cortical Maturation and the Development of Visual Attention in Early Infancy

The development of emotion perception in face and voice during infancy

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