Infant Perception and Cognition

Colombo, John; Brez, Caitlin C.; Curtindale, Lori M.

doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop206003

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 341 publications

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“…This other category included reinforcement, gaze following, still face, general exploration, and arm restraint protocols. For more information about common experimental protocols used with infants, please refer to Colombo, Brez, and Curtindale (), and Johnson and Zamuner (). Each reported ESE was entered to include its (1) magnitude, (2) parameter type (e.g., η 2 ,

{η_{p}}^{2}

), and (3) associated statistical test (e.g., ANOVA, t ‐test, regression).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Missed Opportunity for Clarity: Problems in the Reporting of Effect Size Estimates in Infant Developmental Science

Mills-Smith

Spangler

Panneton

et al. 2015

Infancy

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Several years ago, the American Psychological Association began requiring that effect size estimates be reported to provide a better indication of the associative strength between factors and dependent measures in empirical studies (Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 2010, Author, Washington, DC). Accordingly, developmental journals require/ strongly recommend effect size estimates be included in published work. Potentially, this trend has important benefits for infancy research given some of the inherent difficulties in establishing conceptually strong findings when often facing highly variable performance in typically small samples. This study examined recent infant research from select journals for accuracy and interpretative value of effect size estimates. Demographics, sample size, design, and statistical data were coded from 158 published (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012) articles presenting 878 effect size estimates from experimental findings with infants using behavioral methods. Descriptive and distribution statistics were calculated for the following variables: (1) statistical tests, (2) effect size parameters, and (3) effect size interpretations. Although partial eta squared (g p 2 ) and eta squared (g 2 ) were most common (49 and 42%, Correspondence should be sent to Laura Mills-Smith or Derek P

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{η_{p}}^{2}

), and (3) associated statistical test (e.g., ANOVA, t ‐test, regression).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Missed Opportunity for Clarity: Problems in the Reporting of Effect Size Estimates in Infant Developmental Science

Mills-Smith

Spangler

Panneton

et al. 2015

Infancy

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“…The Overlap paradigm (modified from the original paradigm by Aslin & Salapatek, ), examines infants' gaze shifts from a central stimulus (i.e., a neutral, happy, or fearful expression, or a face‐shaped control stimulus) to a high‐contrast stimulus in the left or right periphery. Due to the temporally overlapping presentation of the two stimuli, a gaze shift to the peripheral stimulus requires active disengagement of attention from the central face stimulus (Colombo, Brez, & Curtindale, ), which makes this task suitable for probing differences in attention allocation between distinct centrally presented stimuli. Attentional biases can be assessed most reliably by calculating the probability of attention shifts from the centrally presented stimuli toward the peripheral stimuli, and a robust bias to fearful expressions has been observed as a higher probability of missing attention shifts from fearful versus happy/neutral faces in independent infant samples (Forssman et al., ; Leppänen et al., ; Nakagawa & Sukigara, ; Peltola et al., , ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention to Faces Expressing Negative Emotion at 7 Months Predicts Attachment Security at 14 Months

et al. 2015

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To investigate potential infant‐related antecedents characterizing later attachment security, this study tested whether attention to facial expressions, assessed with an eye‐tracking paradigm at 7 months of age (N = 73), predicted infant–mother attachment in the Strange Situation Procedure at 14 months. Attention to fearful faces at 7 months predicted attachment security, with a smaller attentional bias to fearful expressions associated with insecure attachment. Attachment disorganization in particular was linked to an absence of the age‐typical attentional bias to fear. These data provide the first evidence linking infants' attentional bias to negative facial expressions with attachment formation and suggest reduced sensitivity to facial expressions of negative emotion as a testable trait that could link attachment disorganization with later behavioral outcomes.

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“…In the absence of other salient input, they provide themselves with sensory-motor feedback through motor and verbal babbling. The phenomenal world of the infant resolves itself only gradually, however, into the shared adult world of spatially-bounded, located, persistent objects with more or less stable collections of features (Colombo et al 2012 provide a general review of infant cognition). Neonates can segregate moving objects from the background, for example, and are sensitive to features such as shape of static objects (Rakison and Yermoleva 2010).…”

Section: Phenomenology Of the Infant Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted development and imbalanced function in the global neuronal workspace: a positive-feedback mechanism for the emergence of ASD in early infancy

Fields

Glazebrook

2016

Cogn Neurodyn

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasingly being conceptualized as a spectrum disorder of connectome development. We review evidence suggesting that ASD is characterized by a positive feedback loop that amplifies small functional variations in early-developing sensory-processing pathways into structural and functional imbalances in the global neuronal workspace. Using vision as an example, we discuss how early functional variants in visual processing may be feedback-amplified to produce variant object categories and disrupted top-down expectations, atypically large expectation-to-perception mismatches, problems re-identifying individual people and objects, socially inappropriate, generally aversive emotional responses and disrupted sensory-motor coordination. Viewing ASD in terms of feedback amplification of small functional variants allows a number of recent models of ASD to be integrated with neuroanatomical, neurofunctional and genetic data.

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Infant Perception and Cognition

Cited by 8 publications

References 341 publications

A Missed Opportunity for Clarity: Problems in the Reporting of Effect Size Estimates in Infant Developmental Science

A Missed Opportunity for Clarity: Problems in the Reporting of Effect Size Estimates in Infant Developmental Science

Attention to Faces Expressing Negative Emotion at 7 Months Predicts Attachment Security at 14 Months

Disrupted development and imbalanced function in the global neuronal workspace: a positive-feedback mechanism for the emergence of ASD in early infancy

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