Inequities in under-five child malnutrition in South Africa

Zere, Eyob; McIntyre, Di

doi:10.1186/1475-9276-2-7

Cited by 223 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Moreover, hunger and food insecurity affected about 50 % and 25 % of households, respectively, in 1999 (2) . Similar findings have been reported in smaller studies conducted in various regions of the country (4,5) . To combat vitamin A deficiency, a curative vitamin A supplementation protocol was implemented in the Western Cape Province targeting high-risk mothers and children.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

Diverging opinions of supplementation programmes between mothers of small children and staff at primary health clinics in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Iversen

Høisæther

Morseth

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Nutritional status has remained inadequate among disadvantaged mothers and small children in South Africa. Several supplementation programmes are administered through primary health clinics (PHC). The present study examined the perceptions of mothers who attend PHC and of the PHC staff on the purpose, management and eligibility of the vitamin A and nutritional supplementation components of the Nutrition Supplementation Programme (NSP). Design: Observational study based on anthropometry and questionnaires. Setting: Random selection of ten urban and ten rural PHC from the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Subjects: Mothers (n 176) and their children (n 179) aged ,5 years, and various PHC staff categories. Results: Half (56 %) of the households were classified as food insecure and about one-third of the children were malnourished, as evidenced by stunting, wasting or underweight. A majority of mothers complained about poor information related to the programmes. More than half of the children who were eligible for NSP were not included. In contrast, the staff felt that they managed both programmes well and problems with implementation were mostly attributed to clients. Conclusions: In general, the mothers expressed more dissatisfaction and ignorance about the vitamin A programme and the NSP than was perceived by the staff. This apparent discrepancy might, at least in part, explain why these programmes do not work optimally.

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supporting

confidence: 79%

Diverging opinions of supplementation programmes between mothers of small children and staff at primary health clinics in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Iversen

Høisæther

Morseth

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The wide variation in South African prevalence rates is possibly due to inequalities in socio-economic status, since it has been shown that some provinces, including Limpopo, are amongst the poorest. Limpopo Province has a high prevalence of illiteracy, high rates of unemployment, poor sanitation facilities, low levels of electrification and high household density, which have all been documented as being related to stunting 35 . Previous research has shown that overweight is an outcome of sociodemographic status, maternal feeding practices and cultural beliefs as to what is normal 1,9,36 -39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of stunting and overweight in 3-year-old black South African children residing in the Central Region of Limpopo Province, South Africa

Mamabolo

Alberts²,

Steyn³

et al. 2005

Public Health Nutr.

141

125

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence of stunting, wasting and overweight and their determinants in 3-year-old children in the Central Region of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Rural villages in the Central Region of the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Subjects: One hundred and sixty-two children who were followed from birth were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and sociodemographic characteristics of the children were recorded. Results: Height-for-age Z-scores were low, with a high prevalence of stunting (48%). The children also exhibited a high prevalence of overweight (22%) and obesity (24%). Thirty-one (19%) children were both stunted and overweight. Gaining more weight within the first year of life increased the risk of being overweight at 3 years by 2.39 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96-4.18) while having a greater length at 1 year was protective against stunting (odds ratio (OR) 0.41; 95% CI 0.17-0.97). Having a mother as a student increased the risk for stunting at 3 years by 18.21 times (95% CI 9.46 -34.74) while having a working mother increased the risk for overweight by 17.87 times (95% CI 8.24 -38.78). All these factors also appeared as risks or as being protective in children who were both overweight and stunted, as did living in a household having nine or more persons (OR 5.72;. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the importance of evaluating anthropometric status in terms of both stunting and overweight. Furthermore, it is important to realise the importance of normal length and weight being attained at 1 year of age, since these in turn predict nutritional status at 3 years of age.

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“…Child undernutrition is one of the measures of health status that the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends for equity in health 2 . Conversely, undernutrition has been estimated to be an underlying cause for around half of all child deaths worldwide 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nutritional Status: A Case of Tribal Children in Assam, Northeast India

Singh

Mondal

2013

J. Nepal Paedtr. Soc.

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Introduction: Thinness is a major underlying problem among children and adolescents in the developing countries including India. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of nutritional status among the Sonowal Kachari children aged 6-18 years of Dibrugarh district of Assam, Northeast India. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional data on height and weight measurements were collected among 1343 (670 boys, 673 girls) children belonging to Sonowal Kachari tribal ethnic group using multi-stage stratified sampling procedure. The Body Mass Index {BMI=weight (kg)/height2 (m2)} was calculated. The new international cut-off points of Cole et al. were used to classify the magnitude of thinness. Results: The overall mean BMI was found to be significantly higher among girls than the boys (p<0.01). The overall prevalence of thinness was observed to be 25.99% (28.08% boys, 23.92% girls) (p>0.05). The prevalence of thinness was generally higher in the early age (6-11 years), but thereafter decreased with age in both sexes. Conclusion: The results of the present study clearly indicate that the nutritional status of these children is unsatisfactory. Nutritional intervention in terms of a comprehensive supplementary balanced diet and micronutrient rich or protective foods should be introduced to ameliorate the nutritional status.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i1.7404 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013;33(1):1-7.

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Inequities in under-five child malnutrition in South Africa

Cited by 223 publications

References 17 publications

Diverging opinions of supplementation programmes between mothers of small children and staff at primary health clinics in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Diverging opinions of supplementation programmes between mothers of small children and staff at primary health clinics in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Prevalence and determinants of stunting and overweight in 3-year-old black South African children residing in the Central Region of Limpopo Province, South Africa

Assessment of Nutritional Status: A Case of Tribal Children in Assam, Northeast India

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