Inequality of virtual water consumption and economic benefits embodied in trade: a case study of the Yellow River Basin, China

An, Qi; Wu, Sanmang; Li, Li; Li, Shantong

doi:10.2166/wp.2021.144

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Han et al [32] not only evaluated the scarce water savings and losses generated by inter-provincial virtual water flow in 2015, but also assessed the economic benefits and losses based on the shadow price of water resources. An et al [33] used the Yellow River Basin as an example to investigate the inequality of virtual water consumption and economic benefits implicit in trade based on the production side and the consumption side. Zheng et al [34] further explored the unfair exchange of virtual water consumption and the added value caused by China's exports in 2002-2017, and all of these scholars analyzed virtual water flows from an economic perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Gains and Losses of Virtual Water Flows in China’s Coastal Areas

Zhao,

Yang

2024

Water

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The virtual water flow behind product trade provides researchers with ideas to alleviate water problems in China’s coastal areas, with accompanying resource and economic implications. This paper adopts a multi-region input–output model to calculate virtual water flows in coastal areas and analyses resource benefits and economic benefits, by combining the water stress index and shadow price, to measure gains and losses of virtual water flow. This study shows that (1) China’s coastal areas depends on external water supplies; (2) virtual water flows between coastal and inland areas generated 38.26 billion m3 of net scarce water savings and CNY 31,751 billion of net economic benefits, indicating that coastal areas benefited from virtual water flows from both resource and economic perspectives; (3) virtual water flows among coastal provinces and cities caused 11.10 billion m3 of net scarce water losses, but generated CNY 9784 billion of net economic gains, indicating that a further intensification of water stress in coastal areas, but such a virtual water flow pattern was beneficial from an economic perspective. This paper reveals the resource and economic impacts of virtual water flow at the national scale and among coastal provinces and cities and further proposes suggestions for promoting the beneficial flow of virtual water in coastal areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Gains and Losses of Virtual Water Flows in China’s Coastal Areas

Zhao,

Yang

2024

Water

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“…Such research could target the development of a more comprehensive nexus framework to jointly encompass diverse dimensions, such as space, sectors, and environmental and economic factors. Furthermore, previous studies on the YRB have focused on the carbon or water footprint flows embodied in the regional trade, ,− while the WEC and value-added nexus analysis in the YRB remains underexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Nexus Profile of Embodied Water–Energy–Carbon–Value Flows of the Yellow River Basin in China

Cheng

Tian

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Unveiling the nexus profile of the water–energy–carbon (WEC) and value flows embodied in regional trade is essential for enhancing the co-benefits between economic development and environment conservation. However, minimal research explores the WEC and value-added nexus efficiency of the Yellow Basin River (YRB) with a comprehensive framework. Thus, this study built a nexus framework based on a multiregional input–output model (MRIO) to analyze embodied WEC and value-added flows in the nine provinces of the YRB and all 31 provinces of China, primarily in 2017 compared to 2012 and 2015. Three dimensions (space, sectors, and environmental and economic factors) depict the WEC and value-added nexus patterns. The results from these three dimensions uncovered that the YRB benefits from regional trade but suffers environmental losses, and the development imbalance among the provinces of the basin is exacerbated. The proposed integrated framework can be generalized to water–energy extended nexus analysis in other regions to portray a more complex human-environment system nexus pattern. The new knowledge of how embodied WEC interacts with concomitant economic activities within and beyond the YRB can benefit multiresource-integrated management in the YRB and coordinated regional development in China.

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