Inequality in carbon intensity in EU-28: analysis based on club convergence

Emir, Fırat; Balcılar, Mehmet; Shahbaz, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3858-1

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Their findings indicated a decreasing trend of carbon intensity in general, yet the decreasing rates for individual countries were divergent to a great extent and most middle-and low-income economies experienced a growing trend of CIs. Emir et al (2019) observed the convergence situation of carbon intensity in EU-28 countries but found that inequity of the performance (i.e., carbon intensity) was significant across the member countries.…”

Section: Cross-country Comparison Of Carbon Emission Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring wellbeing performance of carbon emissions using hybrid measure and meta-frontier techniques: Empirical tests for G20 countries and implications for China

Wang

Shao

Nathwani

et al. 2019

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Section: Cross-country Comparison Of Carbon Emission Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring wellbeing performance of carbon emissions using hybrid measure and meta-frontier techniques: Empirical tests for G20 countries and implications for China

Wang

Shao

Nathwani

et al. 2019

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Another study by [4] shows the existence of the ecological footprint convergence among G20 countries over 1961-2014. We can find convergence properties in CO 2 intensity for EU-28 countries from 1990 to 2016 in the study of [5] isolating five to seven clubs (EU-28), three to five (EU-15 and EU-new). Close, similar results to the one in our study with two different steady states (club convergence) are present in the sample of 77 countries over 1961-2014, as we can see in [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Authors demonstrated the convergence in the ecological footprints of G20 countries between 1961 and 2014. Convergence dynamics in CO 2 intensity for the EU-28 countries from 1990 to 2016 in the work of (Emir et al, 2018) [5], are isolated in five to seven clubs (EU-28), three to five (EU-15 and EU-new). Finally, research by (Haider and Akram, 2019) finds that two distinct steady states (club convergence) exist in a sample of 77 nations from 1961 to 2014 [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence in Green Growth as the Key to Fighting Climate Change, 1990–2019

Rochoń

2021

Energies

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The consequences of climate change are an important point of contention in the current policy debate on the sustainability of economic development and growth. Climate change contributes to many socio-economic disadvantages and risks. The primary objective of global policy 2050 is to fully understand the negative externalities of environmental change. Goal and methodology: the main goal of the study is to examine convergence to the steady green growth state for a sample of 130 countries from 1990 to 2019. Setting up an efficient and consistent policy to fight climate change demands empirical knowledge on green growth. Using log (t) test methodology, we investigate convergence in green growth indicators for selected samples based on available country data. Findings: our assumptions are: (1) economies are not motivated and eager to foster energy transition; instead, they accept it as a random policy goal and (2) economies want to foster energy transition, but they are limited by a significant trade-off factor pulling their efforts down. Convergence testing shows the existence of two significant convergence clubs, one with countries moving to energy transition and the second still promoting national output based on fossil fuels. The findings indicate future divergence between the two clubs and significant convergence within identified convergence clubs. Conclusions: the energy transition is moving forward at two-tier speed with green leaders and green follower clubs. Policymakers and practitioners must closely monitor the dynamics of green growth to assess the risk and uncertainties of climate change.

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“…In the same vein, differences in the usage of alternative energy sources are also linked to differences in fossil fuel endowment. It is therefore unsurprising that despite the existence of convergence evidence in carbon emissions (Emir et al ( 2019 ); Erdogan and Acaravci ( 2019 ); Erdogan and Solarin ( 2021 ); Payne and Apergis ( 2021 ); Solarin ( 2019 ); the outcome of this study is consistent with empirical findings of studies such as Aldy ( 2006 , 2007 ), Criado and Grether ( 2011 ), Herrerias ( 2013 ) Yamazaki et al ( 2014 ), and Li et al ( 2014 ) who have also provided evidence of divergence in carbon emissions.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence analysis of ammonia emissions by sector and fuel source in OECD countries from 1750 to 2019 using a new Fourier-centric wavelet approach

Solarin

Erdoğan

Bello

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Although ammonia emissions are not as huge as carbon and methane emissions, they pose significant threats to ensuring environmental sustainability and productivity. However, the existing literature has paid less attention to the underlying characteristics of ammonia emissions. The chief target of this study is to investigate the stochastic convergence of ammonia emissions at the aggregate level, by sector, and by fuel source in 37 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries for more than two centuries of data. Using a newly proposed Fourier-augmented wavelet unit root test, the empirical findings reveal that the relative ammonia emissions series in most Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries follow the unit root process in the aggregate, sectoral, and fuel-specific analyses. Therefore, these findings refer to the existence of divergence, while stochastic convergence does not exist in most cases. Having a divergent pattern of ammonia emissions has several policy implications for policymakers in the context of environmental sustainability. (i) Relative ammonia emission cannot revert to its steady-state path without policy intervention, (ii) policymakers have a chance of affecting the dynamics of ammonia emissions in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. (iii) As a policy response, the study recommends the pursuant of national environmental policies with consideration to the unique characteristics of the individual countries as the non-existence of convergence of environmental series could result in a diverse level of consciousness of environmental degradation among countries with divergent patterns on emissions levels.

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Inequality in carbon intensity in EU-28: analysis based on club convergence

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Measuring wellbeing performance of carbon emissions using hybrid measure and meta-frontier techniques: Empirical tests for G20 countries and implications for China

Measuring wellbeing performance of carbon emissions using hybrid measure and meta-frontier techniques: Empirical tests for G20 countries and implications for China

Convergence in Green Growth as the Key to Fighting Climate Change, 1990–2019

Convergence analysis of ammonia emissions by sector and fuel source in OECD countries from 1750 to 2019 using a new Fourier-centric wavelet approach

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