Inequality in Agency Response: Evidence from Salient Wildfire Events

Anderson, Sarah; Plantinga, Andrew J.; Wibbenmeyer, Matthew

doi:10.1086/722044

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Other research into Firewise sites in California has similar demographic findings, though our work extends this effort by incorporating regional differences [52]. Bay Area sites tend to be in more well-educated and wealthier census block-groups than other regions, while Northern California sites are in less well-educated and wealthy census block-groups than other regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Regional participation trends for community wildfire preparedness program Firewise USA

Kampfschulte

Miller

2023

Environ. Res.: Climate

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Community-wide wildfire mitigation can effectively protect homes from structure ignition. The Firewise USA program provides a framework for grassroots wildfire preparedness. Here, we examine the 500 Firewise USA sites in California to understand participation and demographic trends. We find important regional differences regarding the influence of underlying fire hazard, fire history, and other Firewise sites on new site formation. Sites in the Bay Area and Sierras respond strongly to fire history and proximity to other Firewise sites, while Northern and Southern California have few Firewise sites despite underlying hazardous conditions and large fire history. Firewise sites are often whiter, older, and more well-educated than California’s median population, potentially leaving out many communities that do not meet this demographic profile but face severe risks from wildfires. These findings offer important insights into the factors motivating communities to pursue wildfire protection, particularly important given recent severe and destructive wildfire seasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Regional participation trends for community wildfire preparedness program Firewise USA

Kampfschulte

Miller

2023

Environ. Res.: Climate

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“…Our results show that home prices in communities that have experienced a single severe fire do not show the same long-term trajectories as communities experiencing frequent fires, suggesting that the pattern is not the consequence of a single event. A second potential explanation is that investments in fire prevention and/or suppression can be unequal, leading to wealthier communities being better protected and less likely to experience a fire [23]. An analysis of fire suppression indicates that fires are more likely to stop spreading in areas where property values are higher [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire frequency and vulnerability in California

Hino

Field²

2023

PLOS Clim

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Wildfires pose a large and growing threat to communities across California, and understanding fire vulnerability and impacts can enable more effective risk management. Government hazard maps are often used to identify at-risk areas, but hazard zones and fire experience may have different implications for communities. This analysis of three decades of fire footprints, hazard maps, and census and real estate data shows that communities with high fire experience differ substantially from communities with high fire hazard. High-hazard communities average higher incomes than low- and no-hazard communities; conversely, communities with high fire experience average lower incomes than those with little to no experience. Home values have grown more slowly in communities with high fire experience, translating to differences in total appreciation of $165M-$630M per year relative to communities with no fire experience. Warming over the remainder of the century could add tens of thousands of homes to high-experience zones. This relationship between income and fire experience may be a reflection of the impacts of repeated fires relative to mapped hazards or single fires, or it could point to a relationship between income and the success of fire prevention or suppression. The discrepancies between dimensions indicates that considering fire frequency can support efforts to equitably target risk management resources.

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“…Bin, Bishop, and Kousky (2017) find that while payouts in the National Flood Insurance Program tend to be progressive, both coverage and net premiums divided by coverage, are regressive. Anderson, Plantinga, and Wibbenmeyer (2020) show that fire control agencies increase the use of preventive measures in communities with higher income, more education, and a higher share of white population.…”

Section: Climate Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Findings and Methodologies in Economics Research in Environmental Justice

Cain,

Hernandez-Cortes,

Timmins

et al. 2024

Review of Environmental Economics and Policy

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This review synthesizes economics-oriented research in environmental justice with a focus on the last decade. We first categorize this literature into broad areas of inquiry and review main findings. Then, we review recent advances in data and methodologies that have allowed for new study designs and research questions. After identifying breakthroughs, we offer some guidance on how to continue to advance research in this area.

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Inequality in Agency Response: Evidence from Salient Wildfire Events

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Regional participation trends for community wildfire preparedness program Firewise USA

Regional participation trends for community wildfire preparedness program Firewise USA

Fire frequency and vulnerability in California

Recent Findings and Methodologies in Economics Research in Environmental Justice

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