Inequality across State Lines

Sidorsky, Kaitlin; Schiller, Wendy J.

doi:10.1017/9781009279154

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, this is another important direction for future research, as inequity across state lines can exacerbate disparities in outcomes for domestic violence victims (see Sidorsky & Schiller, 2023). This holds for disparities in firearm laws across international jurisdictions and warrants further attention in other countries.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearms and post‐separation abuse: Providing context behind the data on firearms and intimate partner violence

Spearman,

Marineau,

Owolabi

et al. 2023

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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AimThe aim of this study is to provide insight from maternal survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) describing their experiences with their ex‐partners' firearm ownership, access, storage and behaviours in the context of co‐parenting and separation.DesignWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study informed by the IPV and Coparenting Model.MethodsThe analytic sample consists of self‐identified maternal survivors (n = 14) who completed semi‐structured qualitative interviews between January and May 2023 describing experiences of post‐separation abuse. Participants were recruited through social media and domestic violence advocacy and legal aid organizations. In the interview guide, participants were asked one item about firearm exposure: Have you or your children had any experiences with guns and your ex‐partner that made you or your children feel scared? Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed. Interview transcripts were managed and coded in ATLAS.ti using a codebook. Codes were applied using descriptive content analysis, discrepancies reconciled and themes related to firearm exposure in the context of post‐separation abuse identified.ResultsSix themes emerged related to firearm experiences and post‐separation abuse: (1) gun ownership (2) gun access; (3) unsafe storage; (4) direct and symbolic threats; (5) involving the children; (6) survivors' protective actions.ConclusionThis manuscript provides context on how abusive ex‐partners' firearm ownership, access and threats cause terror and pervasive fear for mothers and children following separation. Analysis of qualitative data provides important insights into opportunities to address firearm injury prevention.ImpactFindings add to the contextual understanding of how survivors of IPV experience non‐fatal firearm abuse. Existing quantitative data may not capture the full extent of fear caused by perpetrators' gun ownership access and symbolic threats. Data from this study can help inform firearm injury prevention efforts.Patient or Public ContributionThe authors would like to acknowledge and thank the individuals who helped in cognitive testing of the interview guide prior to conducting interviews with participants, including (3) survivors of post‐separation abuse. The authors would also like to acknowledge domestic violence advocates and those individuals who helped with recruitment and connected us with participants. Importantly, with deep gratitude, the authors would like to thank the participants who generously shared their time and stories with us.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearms and post‐separation abuse: Providing context behind the data on firearms and intimate partner violence

Spearman,

Marineau,

Owolabi

et al. 2023

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…(NCAI 2018)The vulnerability of Native American women to domestic violence at the hands of non-Native offenders without prosecution is a failure of governance to protect women. Other work on domestic violence policy has shown the ineffectiveness of federal and state policies to address domestic violence and finds that significant inequity exists across state lines in women’s human security in this domain (Schiller and Sidorsky 2022; Sidorsky and Schiller 2020; Sidorsky and Schiller 2023). We turn our attention here to the security of Native American women, many of whom live under the legal jurisdiction of tribal governments.…”

Section: Policy Innovation: Special Domestic Violence Criminal Jurisd...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstacles to Federal Policy Adoption: The Case of Special Domestic Violence Criminal Jurisdictions in Native American Tribal Nations

Sidorsky¹,

Schiller²

2023

Perspect. polit.

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A core tenet of representation is that individuals should expect government to actively protect their human security. In the issue area of domestic violence in the United States, government largely fails to do this for women, who comprise three-quarters of all victims of domestic violence. Nowhere is this more apparent than for Native American women living on tribal lands. In terms of lifetime physical violence, nearly 52% of Native American women will be physically abused compared to 30.5% of white women, 41.2% of African American women, and 29.7% of Hispanic women (Crepelle 2020; Institute for Women’s Policy Research 2023). One of the main obstacles to keeping Native American women safer is that tribal nations have been functionally prohibited from prosecuting non-Native offenders of violence against Native Americans on their lands. Non-Native offenders comprise the bulk of domestic violence abusers in these communities. To address this inequity, the 2013 Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) created Special Domestic Violence Criminal Jurisdictions (SDVCJs). Through an application process, federally recognized tribal nations can create these jurisdictions to provide justice for the many women who are victims of domestic violence at the hands of non-Native persons. In this article we explore which tribal nations created these jurisdictions using an original dataset of the 354 tribal nations that were eligible to adopt an SDVCJ following the 2013 VAWA reauthorization. As of 2022, 31 tribal nations have adopted SDVCJs across 13 states, which have led to 74 domestic violence convictions. In this article, we explain adoption of these courts as a function of population, tribal nation fiscal capacity, federal grant support, and having an existing self-governance compact with the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

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“…48 AI policy can be defined as policy that is "aimed at research, development, and deployment of AI technologies in the economy and society" 49 and involves multiple stakeholders and multistakeholder arrangements, 39 Stivers et al (2023). 40 Sidorsky and Schiller (2023). 41 Smith et al (2020);Cachat-Rosset and Klarsfeld (2023).…”

Section: Equity In the Creation Of Ai Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of AI Is in the States: The Case of Autonomous Vehicle Policies

Mallinson,

Azevedo,

Best

et al. 2023

Bus. Polit.

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The myriad applications of artificial intelligence (AI) by the private and public sectors have exploded in the public consciousness in the postpandemic period. However, researchers and businesses have been working on AI technology applications for decades, and in many ways, governments are rushing to catch up. This article presents an argument that the future of AI policy in the United States will be driven in large part by current and future state-level policy experiments. This argument is presented by drawing on scholarship surrounding federalism, regulatory fragmentation, and the effects of fragmentation on business and social equity. The article then presents the case of autonomous vehicle policy in the states to illustrate the degree of current fragmentation and considers the effects of layering new AI policies on top of existing rules surrounding privacy, licensing, and more. Following this consideration of existing research and its application of AI policy, the article presents a research agenda for leveraging state differences to study the effects of AI policy and develop a cohesive framework for governing AI.

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Inequality across State Lines

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Firearms and post‐separation abuse: Providing context behind the data on firearms and intimate partner violence

Firearms and post‐separation abuse: Providing context behind the data on firearms and intimate partner violence

Obstacles to Federal Policy Adoption: The Case of Special Domestic Violence Criminal Jurisdictions in Native American Tribal Nations

The Future of AI Is in the States: The Case of Autonomous Vehicle Policies

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